Question 2:
In the given question four words are printed in bold and are number a, b, c and d. The position of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchange with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged.
The Capital caseload (a) 1,148 cases (b)of dengue over the past week (till November 27), taking this month’srecorded (c) to 6,739, a civic report (d) said on Monday.
In the given question four words are printed in bold and are number a, b, c and d. The position of some highlighted words may be incorrect and need to be exchange with another highlighted to make the sentence correct. Find the words that need to be exchanged.
The Capital caseload (a) 1,148 cases (b)of dengue over the past week (till November 27), taking this month’srecorded (c) to 6,739, a civic report (d) said on Monday.
Question 4:
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
Language and culture are intertwined. A particular language usually points out to a specific group
of people. When you interact with another language, it means that you are also interacting with the culture that speaks the language. You cannot understand one’s culture without accessing its language directly. When you learn a new language, it not only involves learning its alphabet, the word arrangement and the rules of grammar, but also learning about the specific society’s customs and behaviour. When learning or teaching a language, the culture where the language belongs must be referenced because language is very much ingrained in the culture. Complex is one term that you can use to describe human communication since paralanguage is used to transmit messages. Paralanguage is specific to a culture, therefore communication with other ethnic groups can lead to misunderstandings.
When you grow up in a specific society, it is inevitable to learn the glances, gestures and little changes in voice or tone and other communication tools to emphasize or alter what you want to do or say. These specific communication techniques of one culture are learned mostly by imitating and observing people, initially from parents and immediate relatives and later from friends and people outside the close family circle. Body language, which is also known as kinesics, is the most obvious type of paralanguage. These are the postures, expressions and gestures used as non-verbal language. However, it is likewise possible to alter the meaning of various words by changing the character or tone of the voice. The phrase, language is culture and culture is language is often mentioned when language and culture are discussed. It’s because the two have a homologous although complex relationship. Language and culture developed together and influenced each other as they evolved. Using this context, Alfred L Krober, a cultural anthropologist from the United States said that culture started when speech was available, and from that beginning, the enrichment of either one led the other to develop further.
If culture is a consequence of the interactions of humans, the acts of communication are their cultural manifestations within a specific community. Ferruccio Rossi-Landi, a philosopher from Italy whose work focused on philosophy, semiotics and linguistics said that a speech community is made up of all the messages that were exchanged with one another using a given language, which is understood by the entire society. Rossi-Landi further added that young children learn their language and culture from the society they were born in. In the process of learning, they develop their cognitive abilities as well.
Ferruccio Rossi-Landi, a philosopher from Italy whose work focused on_______________________________.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
Language and culture are intertwined. A particular language usually points out to a specific group
of people. When you interact with another language, it means that you are also interacting with the culture that speaks the language. You cannot understand one’s culture without accessing its language directly. When you learn a new language, it not only involves learning its alphabet, the word arrangement and the rules of grammar, but also learning about the specific society’s customs and behaviour. When learning or teaching a language, the culture where the language belongs must be referenced because language is very much ingrained in the culture.Complexis one term that you can use to describe human communication since paralanguage is used to transmit messages. Paralanguage is specific to a culture, therefore communication with other ethnic groups can lead to misunderstandings.
When you grow up in a specific society, it isinevitableto learn the glances, gestures and little changes in voice or tone and other communication tools to emphasize or alter what you want to do or say. These specific communication techniques of one culture are learned mostly by imitating and observing people, initially from parents and immediate relatives and later from friends and people outside the close family circle. Body language, which is also known as kinesics, is the most obvious type of paralanguage. These are the postures, expressions and gestures used as non-verbal language. However, it is likewise possible to alter the meaning of various words by changing the character or tone of the voice. The phrase, language is culture and culture is language is often mentioned when language and culture are discussed. It’s because the two have a homologous although complex relationship. Language and culture developed together and influenced each other as they evolved. Using this context, Alfred L Krober, a cultural anthropologist from the United States said that culture started when speech was available, and from that beginning, the enrichment of either one led the other to develop further.
If culture is a consequence of the interactions of humans, the acts of communication are their cultural manifestations within a specific community. Ferruccio Rossi-Landi, a philosopher from Italy whose work focused on philosophy, semiotics and linguistics said that a speech community is made up of all the messages that were exchanged with one another using a given language, which is understood by the entire society. Rossi-Landi further added that young children learn their language and culture from the society they were born in. In the process of learning, they develop their cognitive abilities as well.
According to Rossi-Landi when children learn their language and culture it leads to:
Question 5:
Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follow by selecting the correct/most appropriate options.A privateer is a private person or ship that engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or delegated authority issued commissions, also referred to as a letter of marque, during wartime. The commission empowered the holder to carry on all forms of hostility permissible at sea by the usages of war. This included attacking foreign vessels and taking them as prizes, and taking prize crews as prisoners for exchange. Captured ships were subject to condemnation and sale under prize law, with the proceeds divided by percentage between the privateer's sponsors, shipowners, captains and crew. A percentage share usually went to the issuer of the commission (i.e. the sovereign).
Privateering allowed sovereigns to raise revenue for war by mobilizing privately owned armed ships and sailors to supplement state power. For participants, privateering provided the potential for a greater income and profit than obtainable as a merchant seafarer or fisher. However, this incentive increased the risk of privateers turning to piracy when war ended. The commission usually protected privateers from accusations of piracy, but in practice the historical legality and status of privateers could be vague. Depending on the specific sovereign and the time period, commissions might be issued hastily; privateers might take actions beyond what was authorized in the commission, including after its expiry. A privateer who continued raiding after the expiration of a commission or the signing of a peace treaty could face accusations of piracy. The risk of piracy and the emergence of the modern state system of centralised military control caused the decline of privateering by the end of the 19th century.
Which part of the following sentence contains an error?
A percentage share usually went the issuer of the commission.
Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follow by selecting the correct/most appropriate options.A privateer is a private person or ship that engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or delegated authority issued commissions, also referred to as a letter of marque, during wartime. The commission empowered the holder to carry on all forms of hostility permissible at sea by the usages of war. This included attacking foreign vessels and taking them as prizes, and taking prize crews as prisoners for exchange. Captured ships were subject to condemnation and sale under prize law, with the proceeds divided by percentage between the privateer's sponsors, shipowners, captains and crew. A percentage share usually went to the issuer of the commission (i.e. the sovereign).
Privateering allowed sovereigns to raise revenue for war by mobilizing privately owned armed ships and sailors to supplement state power. For participants, privateering provided the potential for a greater income and profit than obtainable as a merchant seafarer or fisher. However, this incentive increased the risk of privateers turning to piracy when war ended. The commission usually protected privateers from accusations of piracy, but in practice the historical legality and status of privateers could be vague. Depending on the specific sovereign and the time period, commissions might be issued hastily; privateers might take actions beyond what was authorized in the commission, including after its expiry. A privateer who continued raiding after the expiration of a commission or the signing of a peace treaty could face accusations of piracy. The risk of piracy and the emergence of the modern state system of centralised military control caused the decline of privateering by the end of the 19th century.
Which part of the following sentence contains an error?
A percentage share usually went the issuer of the commission.
Question 8:
Read the following passage and answer the following questions.
PARAGRAPH I
It is commonplace to experience anxious thoughts, negative emotions, obsessive rituals, sleepless nights and butterflies in the stomach during examination time. Moderate levels of stress motivate us to work hard, overcome our limitations and give our best performance. However, when we are overly distressed, our worries can make us dysfunctional at the physical, emotional and behavioural levels. Consequently, an inner sense of vulnerability and hopelessness incapacitates us, stopping us from listening to the voice of reason. During this time, we may feel like a complete failure and see no hope in making an effort.
PARAGRAPH II
As a society which now believes firmly in competing, achieving and winning, we have erroneously turned examinations into larger-than-life events. We seem to have forgotten that an examination is just an innocuous assessment to tell us how well we have grasped a particular curriculum and where we need to improve in that specific programme. Whatever be the results of an examination, they can never change who we are and what we eventually do in our lives. Therefore, whenever we are stressed, we must remind ourselves that it is just one exam and in our long life, it is not going to be the end of the world. Life will give us many other chances to grow and evolve into a better person. Letting go of this immense pressure, breathing out our worries and smiling freely during examinations is the right approach.
PARAGRAPH III
Comparing ourselves with others builds a lot of fear in our psyche and derails our progress. Rather than thinking about either defeating others or getting defeated by them, we should drop this unhealthy thought process and make self-perfection our long-term goal. Let us always strive to improve ourselves, working hard on overcoming our weaknesses and realising our inherent potential.
PARAGRAPH IV
Give up smaller, mundane goals to pursue a higher ideal is the key. We can create a broad vision by visualising a better self – imagining a healthy body, a strong mind, a happier self, harmonious relationships and a meaningful life. Reminding ourselves of this vision and working on it consistently will take us closer to the transcendent point of psychic evolution.
PARAGRAPH V
At a larger level, we also need to introspect and reform our education system. We seem to be teaching children almost everything apart from who they are, what the purpose of their birth is, how they can fulfil it, and how they can know themselves better. These questions are generally dismissed as being too esoteric for young minds and it is implied that such concerns fall outside the purview of modern education systems. But without such opportunities for inner reflection and deeper self-knowledge, our children end up wasting their energies in trivial pursuits and worrying about pointless things. Later in life, when some of them realise this, it is too difficult for them to abandon flawed assumptions and start afresh.
PARAGRAPH VI
We need our children to be in a perpetual state of fulfilment, growth, tranquillity and joy regardless of the ups and downs of their life. Therefore, let us think of ways to empower them so that they awaken from their present state of ignorance and pursue the fullness inherent within them. This will enable the youth in becoming self-aware, calmer, happier and leading a meaningful life, which in turn, will lead to a better society, unified nations and an enlightened world.
According to the author whenever we are stressed what we must remind?
(I) it is just one exam and in our long life, it is not going to be the end of the world.
(II) Life will give us many other chances to grow and evolve into a better person.
(III) letting go of this immense pressure, breathing out our worries and smiling freely during examinations is the right approach.
Read the following passage and answer the following questions.
PARAGRAPH I
It is commonplace to experience anxious thoughts, negative emotions, obsessive rituals, sleepless nights and butterflies in the stomach during examination time. Moderate levels of stress motivate us to work hard, overcome our limitations and give our best performance. However, when we are overly distressed, our worries can make us dysfunctional at the physical, emotional and behavioural levels. Consequently, an inner sense of vulnerability and hopelessness incapacitates us, stopping us from listening to the voice of reason. During this time, we may feel like a complete failure and see no hope in making an effort.
PARAGRAPH II
As a society which now believes firmly in competing, achieving and winning, we have erroneously turned examinations into larger-than-life events. We seem to have forgotten that an examination is just an innocuous assessment to tell us how well we have grasped a particular curriculum and where we need to improve in that specific programme. Whatever be the results of an examination, they can never change who we are and what we eventually do in our lives. Therefore, whenever we are stressed, we must remind ourselves that it is just one exam and in our long life, it is not going to be the end of the world. Life will give us many other chances to grow and evolve into a better person. Letting go of this immense pressure, breathing out our worries and smiling freely during examinations is the right approach.
PARAGRAPH III
Comparing ourselves with others builds a lot of fear in our psyche and derails our progress. Rather than thinking about either defeating others or getting defeated by them, we should drop this unhealthy thought process and make self-perfection our long-term goal. Let us always strive to improve ourselves, working hard on overcoming our weaknesses and realising our inherent potential.
PARAGRAPH IV
Give up smaller, mundane goals to pursue a higher ideal is the key. We can create a broad vision by visualising a better self – imagining a healthy body, a strong mind, a happier self, harmonious relationships and a meaningful life. Reminding ourselves of this vision and working on it consistently will take us closer to the transcendent point of psychic evolution.
PARAGRAPH V
At a larger level, we also need to introspect and reform our education system. We seem to be teaching children almost everything apart from who they are, what the purpose of their birth is, how they can fulfil it, and how they can know themselves better. These questions are generally dismissed as being too esoteric for young minds and it is implied that such concerns fall outside the purview of modern education systems. But without such opportunities for inner reflection and deeper self-knowledge, our children end up wasting their energies in trivial pursuits and worrying about pointless things. Later in life, when some of them realise this, it is too difficult for them to abandon flawed assumptions and start afresh.
PARAGRAPH VI
We need our children to be in a perpetual state of fulfilment, growth, tranquillity and joy regardless of the ups and downs of their life. Therefore, let us think of ways to empower them so that they awaken from their present state of ignorance and pursue the fullness inherent within them. This will enable the youth in becoming self-aware, calmer, happier and leading a meaningful life, which in turn, will lead to a better society, unified nations and an enlightened world.
According to the author whenever we are stressed what we must remind?
(I) it is just one exam and in our long life, it is not going to be the end of the world.
(II) Life will give us many other chances to grow and evolve into a better person.
(III) letting go of this immense pressure, breathing out our worries and smiling freely during examinations is the right approach.
