IBPS CLERK 2022: ENGLISH LANGUAGE QUIZ-1

Direction: In of the following paragraph, there are two blank. Below paragraph, there are five options and each option consists of two words which can fill the blank respectively to make the paragraph grammatically and coherently correct. Find the most appropriate set of words that fit into the blanks contextually. 

Authoritarian governments are now being democratically elected by people ______ a way out of the ______________ .

Direction: In of the following paragraph, there are two blank. Below paragraph, there are five options and each option consists of two words which can fill the blank respectively to make the paragraph grammatically and coherently correct. Find the most appropriate set of words that fit into the blanks contextually. 

Democratic and capitalist principles were becoming ___________ with “socialist” ideas in Europe and the U.S. after the World Wars, and in developing countries such as India after the ____________ of colonialism.

Directions : Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 

Alcohol has long been a subject of taboo in India. Between prohibition and stringent regulation, reforms in this sector have been few and far between. Despite being one of the largest sources of income for State governments, the alcohol sector has rarely been recognised as an economically contributing sector. It was not until the first wave of Covid that State governments felt the full economic brunt of the closure of retail alcohol shops. The five southern States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala account for nearly 45 per cent to 50 per cent of total alcohol consumption in India saw a significant drop in their excise revenue during the pandemic.

Apart from SGST, the three main sources of revenue for States have been stamp duty, excise duty on alcoholic beverages and value-added tax (VAT) from the sale of alcoholic beverages and petrol goods. From a quick look at the RBI's State Finances Report, it is evident that revenues from stamp duty have been declining, as has SGST. Take Karnataka for example. In 2019-20, SGST collection was ₹421 billion. The estimated collection for 2020-21 was to have been ₹473 billion, but the revised estimates are only ₹378 billion.

This trend is seen with almost every southern State. For many States such as Karnataka, Telangana, and Pondicherry, State excise is nearly twice the revenue generated through stamp duties. If one were to include VAT revenue from alcohol, then the sector is the highest contributor to State revenues. Over the years, it has been revenue from the alcohol sector that has been consistently increasing, or at the very least remained stable.However, revised estimates for excise collection for most States are lower than their budgeted collection for 2020-21. This is not surprising considering curfews and reduced operational hours of alcohol outlets. A recent report by the National Restaurant Association of India surmises that the food and hospitality sector has shrunk by more than 50 per cent and that as many as 25 per cent of eating outlets have been permanently closed. Revenues and profitability have also sharply deteriorated. It is, therefore, no surprise that excise revenue generated from the consumption of alcohol at bars, pubs, and fine dining restaurants have also declined.

Ease of doing business reforms in terms of pricing and approvals may still take time, but the pandemic has presented State governments with the opportunity to implement small scale easy reforms for the sector. Specifically with respect to allowing for home delivery of alcohol. A LocalCircles survey conducted in May 2020 showed that 52 per cent of the respondents wanted home delivery of alcohol. It has been over a year since the survey, and yet many States seem to be dragging their feet in this regard.

A few States seized this opportunity and allowed for home delivery of alcohol under the National Disaster Management Act, but these have since been phased out, Karnataka for example. Only Odisha, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have included home delivery as part of their excise policy and it has clearly made a difference with respect to their excise revenues. Allowing for home delivery of alcohol certainly seems to be the way to proceed. At a time when home delivery of groceries and food has increased manifold during the pandemic, the question is why the same cannot be allowed for alcohol.

There are three specific reforms with regard to home delivery that can be implemented with ease. First, States must allow retail alcohol shops to home deliver orders placed with them directly. Second, with the increase in local aggregator delivery service providers, States must allow for customers to use these services to pick up their orders from local retail alcohol shops and have them delivered to their doorstep, where the consumer is willing to pay the price of delivery to the third party delivery aggregator. Third, even as many restaurants and pubs have had to remain closed or operate at a lower capacity and fewer hours, those with alcohol licenses must also be allowed to deliver alcohol or cocktails as part of food orders.

The advantages to allowing for home delivery of alcohol are obvious. To begin with, at a time of escalating cases, crowding in the retail shops will be reduced. States will also have a way of collecting excise revenue without the burden of flouting Covid safety norms. For the hospitality sector, it will help increase their revenue. Basic checks and measures, such as, checking of identity at the time of delivery, can ensure seamless home delivery of alcohol. It is time for States to break this taboo and think beyond mere prohibition. The southern States that have always been heralded as the flag bearers of progressive reforms, should be leading this initiative from the front.

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of home delivery of alcohol?

Directions : Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 

Alcohol has long been a subject of taboo in India. Between prohibition and stringent regulation, reforms in this sector have been few and far between. Despite being one of the largest sources of income for State governments, the alcohol sector has rarely been recognised as an economically contributing sector. It was not until the first wave of Covid that State governments felt the full economic brunt of the closure of retail alcohol shops. The five southern States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala account for nearly 45 per cent to 50 per cent of total alcohol consumption in India saw a significant drop in their excise revenue during the pandemic.

Apart from SGST, the three main sources of revenue for States have been stamp duty, excise duty on alcoholic beverages and value-added tax (VAT) from the sale of alcoholic beverages and petrol goods. From a quick look at the RBI's State Finances Report, it is evident that revenues from stamp duty have been declining, as has SGST. Take Karnataka for example. In 2019-20, SGST collection was ₹421 billion. The estimated collection for 2020-21 was to have been ₹473 billion, but the revised estimates are only ₹378 billion.

This trend is seen with almost every southern State. For many States such as Karnataka, Telangana, and Pondicherry, State excise is nearly twice the revenue generated through stamp duties. If one were to include VAT revenue from alcohol, then the sector is the highest contributor to State revenues. Over the years, it has been revenue from the alcohol sector that has been consistently increasing, or at the very least remained stable.However, revised estimates for excise collection for most States are lower than their budgeted collection for 2020-21. This is not surprising considering curfews and reduced operational hours of alcohol outlets. A recent report by the National Restaurant Association of India surmises that the food and hospitality sector has shrunk by more than 50 per cent and that as many as 25 per cent of eating outlets have been permanently closed. Revenues and profitability have also sharply deteriorated. It is, therefore, no surprise that excise revenue generated from the consumption of alcohol at bars, pubs, and fine dining restaurants have also declined.

Ease of doing business reforms in terms of pricing and approvals may still take time, but the pandemic has presented State governments with the opportunity to implement small scale easy reforms for the sector. Specifically with respect to allowing for home delivery of alcohol. A LocalCircles survey conducted in May 2020 showed that 52 per cent of the respondents wanted home delivery of alcohol. It has been over a year since the survey, and yet many States seem to be dragging their feet in this regard.

A few States seized this opportunity and allowed for home delivery of alcohol under the National Disaster Management Act, but these have since been phased out, Karnataka for example. Only Odisha, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have included home delivery as part of their excise policy and it has clearly made a difference with respect to their excise revenues. Allowing for home delivery of alcohol certainly seems to be the way to proceed. At a time when home delivery of groceries and food has increased manifold during the pandemic, the question is why the same cannot be allowed for alcohol.

There are three specific reforms with regard to home delivery that can be implemented with ease. First, States must allow retail alcohol shops to home deliver orders placed with them directly. Second, with the increase in local aggregator delivery service providers, States must allow for customers to use these services to pick up their orders from local retail alcohol shops and have them delivered to their doorstep, where the consumer is willing to pay the price of delivery to the third party delivery aggregator. Third, even as many restaurants and pubs have had to remain closed or operate at a lower capacity and fewer hours, those with alcohol licenses must also be allowed to deliver alcohol or cocktails as part of food orders.

The advantages to allowing for home delivery of alcohol are obvious. To begin with, at a time of escalating cases, crowding in the retail shops will be reduced. States will also have a way of collecting excise revenue without the burden of flouting Covid safety norms. For the hospitality sector, it will help increase their revenue. Basic checks and measures, such as, checking of identity at the time of delivery, can ensure seamless home delivery of alcohol. It is time for States to break this taboo and think beyond mere prohibition. The southern States that have always been heralded as the flag bearers of progressive reforms, should be leading this initiative from the front.

Which of the following states hasn’t allowed home delivery of alcohol?

Directions : Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 

Alcohol has long been a subject of taboo in India. Between prohibition and stringent regulation, reforms in this sector have been few and far between. Despite being one of the largest sources of income for State governments, the alcohol sector has rarely been recognised as an economically contributing sector. It was not until the first wave of Covid that State governments felt the full economic brunt of the closure of retail alcohol shops. The five southern States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala account for nearly 45 per cent to 50 per cent of total alcohol consumption in India saw a significant drop in their excise revenue during the pandemic.

Apart from SGST, the three main sources of revenue for States have been stamp duty, excise duty on alcoholic beverages and value-added tax (VAT) from the sale of alcoholic beverages and petrol goods. From a quick look at the RBI's State Finances Report, it is evident that revenues from stamp duty have been declining, as has SGST. Take Karnataka for example. In 2019-20, SGST collection was ₹421 billion. The estimated collection for 2020-21 was to have been ₹473 billion, but the revised estimates are only ₹378 billion.

This trend is seen with almost every southern State. For many States such as Karnataka, Telangana, and Pondicherry, State excise is nearly twice the revenue generated through stamp duties. If one were to include VAT revenue from alcohol, then the sector is the highest contributor to State revenues. Over the years, it has been revenue from the alcohol sector that has been consistently increasing, or at the very least remained stable.However, revised estimates for excise collection for most States are lower than their budgeted collection for 2020-21. This is not surprising considering curfews and reduced operational hours of alcohol outlets. A recent report by the National Restaurant Association of India surmises that the food and hospitality sector has shrunk by more than 50 per cent and that as many as 25 per cent of eating outlets have been permanently closed. Revenues and profitability have also sharply deteriorated. It is, therefore, no surprise that excise revenue generated from the consumption of alcohol at bars, pubs, and fine dining restaurants have also declined.

Ease of doing business reforms in terms of pricing and approvals may still take time, but the pandemic has presented State governments with the opportunity to implement small scale easy reforms for the sector. Specifically with respect to allowing for home delivery of alcohol. A LocalCircles survey conducted in May 2020 showed that 52 per cent of the respondents wanted home delivery of alcohol. It has been over a year since the survey, and yet many States seem to be dragging their feet in this regard.

A few States seized this opportunity and allowed for home delivery of alcohol under the National Disaster Management Act, but these have since been phased out, Karnataka for example. Only Odisha, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have included home delivery as part of their excise policy and it has clearly made a difference with respect to their excise revenues. Allowing for home delivery of alcohol certainly seems to be the way to proceed. At a time when home delivery of groceries and food has increased manifold during the pandemic, the question is why the same cannot be allowed for alcohol.

There are three specific reforms with regard to home delivery that can be implemented with ease. First, States must allow retail alcohol shops to home deliver orders placed with them directly. Second, with the increase in local aggregator delivery service providers, States must allow for customers to use these services to pick up their orders from local retail alcohol shops and have them delivered to their doorstep, where the consumer is willing to pay the price of delivery to the third party delivery aggregator. Third, even as many restaurants and pubs have had to remain closed or operate at a lower capacity and fewer hours, those with alcohol licenses must also be allowed to deliver alcohol or cocktails as part of food orders.

The advantages to allowing for home delivery of alcohol are obvious. To begin with, at a time of escalating cases, crowding in the retail shops will be reduced. States will also have a way of collecting excise revenue without the burden of flouting Covid safety norms. For the hospitality sector, it will help increase their revenue. Basic checks and measures, such as, checking of identity at the time of delivery, can ensure seamless home delivery of alcohol. It is time for States to break this taboo and think beyond mere prohibition. The southern States that have always been heralded as the flag bearers of progressive reforms, should be leading this initiative from the front.

Which of the following is/are reasons for fall in excise collection for most states?

Directions : Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 

Alcohol has long been a subject of taboo in India. Between prohibition and stringent regulation, reforms in this sector have been few and far between. Despite being one of the largest sources of income for State governments, the alcohol sector has rarely been recognised as an economically contributing sector. It was not until the first wave of Covid that State governments felt the full economic brunt of the closure of retail alcohol shops. The five southern States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala account for nearly 45 per cent to 50 per cent of total alcohol consumption in India saw a significant drop in their excise revenue during the pandemic.

Apart from SGST, the three main sources of revenue for States have been stamp duty, excise duty on alcoholic beverages and value-added tax (VAT) from the sale of alcoholic beverages and petrol goods. From a quick look at the RBI's State Finances Report, it is evident that revenues from stamp duty have been declining, as has SGST. Take Karnataka for example. In 2019-20, SGST collection was ₹421 billion. The estimated collection for 2020-21 was to have been ₹473 billion, but the revised estimates are only ₹378 billion.

This trend is seen with almost every southern State. For many States such as Karnataka, Telangana, and Pondicherry, State excise is nearly twice the revenue generated through stamp duties. If one were to include VAT revenue from alcohol, then the sector is the highest contributor to State revenues. Over the years, it has been revenue from the alcohol sector that has been consistently increasing, or at the very least remained stable.However, revised estimates for excise collection for most States are lower than their budgeted collection for 2020-21. This is not surprising considering curfews and reduced operational hours of alcohol outlets. A recent report by the National Restaurant Association of India surmises that the food and hospitality sector has shrunk by more than 50 per cent and that as many as 25 per cent of eating outlets have been permanently closed. Revenues and profitability have also sharply deteriorated. It is, therefore, no surprise that excise revenue generated from the consumption of alcohol at bars, pubs, and fine dining restaurants have also declined.

Ease of doing business reforms in terms of pricing and approvals may still take time, but the pandemic has presented State governments with the opportunity to implement small scale easy reforms for the sector. Specifically with respect to allowing for home delivery of alcohol. A LocalCircles survey conducted in May 2020 showed that 52 per cent of the respondents wanted home delivery of alcohol. It has been over a year since the survey, and yet many States seem to be dragging their feet in this regard.

A few States seized this opportunity and allowed for home delivery of alcohol under the National Disaster Management Act, but these have since been phased out, Karnataka for example. Only Odisha, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have included home delivery as part of their excise policy and it has clearly made a difference with respect to their excise revenues. Allowing for home delivery of alcohol certainly seems to be the way to proceed. At a time when home delivery of groceries and food has increased manifold during the pandemic, the question is why the same cannot be allowed for alcohol.

There are three specific reforms with regard to home delivery that can be implemented with ease. First, States must allow retail alcohol shops to home deliver orders placed with them directly. Second, with the increase in local aggregator delivery service providers, States must allow for customers to use these services to pick up their orders from local retail alcohol shops and have them delivered to their doorstep, where the consumer is willing to pay the price of delivery to the third party delivery aggregator. Third, even as many restaurants and pubs have had to remain closed or operate at a lower capacity and fewer hours, those with alcohol licenses must also be allowed to deliver alcohol or cocktails as part of food orders.

The advantages to allowing for home delivery of alcohol are obvious. To begin with, at a time of escalating cases, crowding in the retail shops will be reduced. States will also have a way of collecting excise revenue without the burden of flouting Covid safety norms. For the hospitality sector, it will help increase their revenue. Basic checks and measures, such as, checking of identity at the time of delivery, can ensure seamless home delivery of alcohol. It is time for States to break this taboo and think beyond mere prohibition. The southern States that have always been heralded as the flag bearers of progressive reforms, should be leading this initiative from the front.

Which of the following is/are true according to the passage?

Directions : Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 

Alcohol has long been a subject of taboo in India. Between prohibition and stringent regulation, reforms in this sector have been few and far between. Despite being one of the largest sources of income for State governments, the alcohol sector has rarely been recognised as an economically contributing sector. It was not until the first wave of Covid that State governments felt the full economic brunt of the closure of retail alcohol shops. The five southern States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala account for nearly 45 per cent to 50 per cent of total alcohol consumption in India saw a significant drop in their excise revenue during the pandemic.

Apart from SGST, the three main sources of revenue for States have been stamp duty, excise duty on alcoholic beverages and value-added tax (VAT) from the sale of alcoholic beverages and petrol goods. From a quick look at the RBI's State Finances Report, it is evident that revenues from stamp duty have been declining, as has SGST. Take Karnataka for example. In 2019-20, SGST collection was ₹421 billion. The estimated collection for 2020-21 was to have been ₹473 billion, but the revised estimates are only ₹378 billion.

This trend is seen with almost every southern State. For many States such as Karnataka, Telangana, and Pondicherry, State excise is nearly twice the revenue generated through stamp duties. If one were to include VAT revenue from alcohol, then the sector is the highest contributor to State revenues. Over the years, it has been revenue from the alcohol sector that has been consistently increasing, or at the very least remained stable.However, revised estimates for excise collection for most States are lower than their budgeted collection for 2020-21. This is not surprising considering curfews and reduced operational hours of alcohol outlets. A recent report by the National Restaurant Association of India surmises that the food and hospitality sector has shrunk by more than 50 per cent and that as many as 25 per cent of eating outlets have been permanently closed. Revenues and profitability have also sharply deteriorated. It is, therefore, no surprise that excise revenue generated from the consumption of alcohol at bars, pubs, and fine dining restaurants have also declined.

Ease of doing business reforms in terms of pricing and approvals may still take time, but the pandemic has presented State governments with the opportunity to implement small scale easy reforms for the sector. Specifically with respect to allowing for home delivery of alcohol. A LocalCircles survey conducted in May 2020 showed that 52 per cent of the respondents wanted home delivery of alcohol. It has been over a year since the survey, and yet many States seem to be dragging their feet in this regard.

A few States seized this opportunity and allowed for home delivery of alcohol under the National Disaster Management Act, but these have since been phased out, Karnataka for example. Only Odisha, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have included home delivery as part of their excise policy and it has clearly made a difference with respect to their excise revenues. Allowing for home delivery of alcohol certainly seems to be the way to proceed. At a time when home delivery of groceries and food has increased manifold during the pandemic, the question is why the same cannot be allowed for alcohol.

There are three specific reforms with regard to home delivery that can be implemented with ease. First, States must allow retail alcohol shops to home deliver orders placed with them directly. Second, with the increase in local aggregator delivery service providers, States must allow for customers to use these services to pick up their orders from local retail alcohol shops and have them delivered to their doorstep, where the consumer is willing to pay the price of delivery to the third party delivery aggregator. Third, even as many restaurants and pubs have had to remain closed or operate at a lower capacity and fewer hours, those with alcohol licenses must also be allowed to deliver alcohol or cocktails as part of food orders.

The advantages to allowing for home delivery of alcohol are obvious. To begin with, at a time of escalating cases, crowding in the retail shops will be reduced. States will also have a way of collecting excise revenue without the burden of flouting Covid safety norms. For the hospitality sector, it will help increase their revenue. Basic checks and measures, such as, checking of identity at the time of delivery, can ensure seamless home delivery of alcohol. It is time for States to break this taboo and think beyond mere prohibition. The southern States that have always been heralded as the flag bearers of progressive reforms, should be leading this initiative from the front.

Which of the following best summarises the first paragraph?

Direction : In the sentence given below, four words have been highlighted and placed in a sentence. Identify the correct sequence of the word in the sentence. Also, one of the given words will need to be replaced. Identify the correct sequence and the correct replacement and mark that option as your answer. 

Even if someone gets to know the vile (A)of the person who is being identity (B) or abusive, they have hardly (C) no way of using that information in any meaningful manner beyond (D) simply judging that person.

Direction : In the sentence given below, four words have been highlighted and placed in a sentence. Identify the correct sequence of the word in the sentence. Also, one of the given words will need to be replaced. Identify the correct sequence and the correct replacement and mark that option as your answer. 

Almost 11 months after the United States’ leading telecommunications companies won awaited(A) for $81 billion worth of C-band radio spectrum to roll out 5G services, the much-bids(B)introduction hit a major snag (C) this week after the country’s leading airlines warned of passive (D)flight disruptions if the wireless technology was put into operation, especially around the nation’s airports.

Direction : In the sentence given below, four words have been highlighted and placed in a sentence. Identify the correct sequence of the word in the sentence. Also, one of the given words will need to be replaced. Identify the correct sequence and the correct replacement and mark that option as your answer. 

If business families are moreintent (A) on fulfilling the succession (B) interests of their current generations than on long- term goals that include transgenerational narrow (C), the chances of a new venture’sregress (D) will be lower.