Question 1:
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thoughts through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of transcendentalism in his 1836 essay "Nature". Following this work, he gave a speech entitled "The American Scholar" in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. considered to be America's "intellectual Declaration of Independence." Emerson wrote most of his important essays as lectures first and then revised them for print.
His first two collections of essays, Essays: First Series (1841) and Essays: Second Series (1844), represent the core of his thinking. They include the well-known essays "Self-Reliance", "The Over-Soul", "Circles", "The Poet", and "Experience." Together with "Nature", these essays made the decade from the mid-1830s to the mid-1840s Emerson's most fertile period. Emerson wrote on a number of subjects, never espousing fixed philosophical tenets, but developing certain ideas such as individuality, freedom, the ability for mankind to realize almost anything, and the relationship between the soul and the surrounding world. Emerson's "nature" was more philosophical than naturalistic: "Philosophically considered, the universe is composed of Nature and the Soul."
Emerson is one of several figures who "took a more pantheist or pandeist approach by rejecting views of God as separate from the world." He remains among the linchpins of the American romantic movement, and his work has greatly influenced the thinkers, writers and poets that followed him. "In all my lectures," he wrote, "I have taught one doctrine, namely, the infinitude of the private man." Emerson is also well known as a mentor and friend of Henry David Thoreau, a fellow transcendentalist. In 1867, he was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society. Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 25, 1803, a son of Ruth Haskins and the Rev. William Emerson, a Unitarian minister. He was named after his mother's brother Ralph and his father's great-grandmother Rebecca Waldo. Ralph Waldo was the second of five sons who survived into adulthood; the others were William, Edward, Robert Bulkeley, and Charles. Three other children—Phebe, John Clarke, and Mary Caroline—died in childhood.
Which of the following is considered to be America's “intellectual Declaration of Independence”?
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thoughts through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of transcendentalism in his 1836 essay "Nature". Following this work, he gave a speech entitled "The American Scholar" in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. considered to be America's "intellectual Declaration of Independence." Emerson wrote most of his important essays as lectures first and then revised them for print.
His first two collections of essays, Essays: First Series (1841) and Essays: Second Series (1844), represent the core of his thinking. They include the well-known essays "Self-Reliance", "The Over-Soul", "Circles", "The Poet", and "Experience." Together with "Nature", these essays made the decade from the mid-1830s to the mid-1840s Emerson's most fertile period. Emerson wrote on a number of subjects, never espousing fixed philosophical tenets, but developing certain ideas such as individuality, freedom, the ability for mankind to realize almost anything, and the relationship between the soul and the surrounding world. Emerson's "nature" was more philosophical than naturalistic: "Philosophically considered, the universe is composed of Nature and the Soul."
Emerson is one of several figures who "took a more pantheist or pandeist approach by rejecting views of God as separate from the world." He remains among the linchpins of the American romantic movement, and his work has greatly influenced the thinkers, writers and poets that followed him. "In all my lectures," he wrote, "I have taught one doctrine, namely, the infinitude of the private man." Emerson is also well known as a mentor and friend of Henry David Thoreau, a fellow transcendentalist. In 1867, he was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society. Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 25, 1803, a son of Ruth Haskins and the Rev. William Emerson, a Unitarian minister. He was named after his mother's brother Ralph and his father's great-grandmother Rebecca Waldo. Ralph Waldo was the second of five sons who survived into adulthood; the others were William, Edward, Robert Bulkeley, and Charles. Three other children—Phebe, John Clarke, and Mary Caroline—died in childhood.
Which of the following is considered to be America's “intellectual Declaration of Independence”?
Question 2:
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thoughts through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of transcendentalism in his 1836 essay "Nature". Following this work, he gave a speech entitled "The American Scholar" in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. considered to be America's "intellectual Declaration of Independence." Emerson wrote most of his important essays as lectures first and then revised them for print.
His first two collections of essays, Essays: First Series (1841) and Essays: Second Series (1844), represent the core of his thinking. They include the well-known essays "Self-Reliance", "The Over-Soul", "Circles", "The Poet", and "Experience." Together with "Nature", these essays made the decade from the mid-1830s to the mid-1840s Emerson's most fertile period. Emerson wrote on a number of subjects, never espousing fixed philosophical tenets, but developing certain ideas such as individuality, freedom, the ability for mankind to realize almost anything, and the relationship between the soul and the surrounding world. Emerson's "nature" was more philosophical than naturalistic: "Philosophically considered, the universe is composed of Nature and the Soul."
Emerson is one of several figures who "took a more pantheist or pandeist approach by rejecting views of God as separate from the world." He remains among the linchpins of the American romantic movement, and his work has greatly influenced the thinkers, writers and poets that followed him. "In all my lectures," he wrote, "I have taught one doctrine, namely, the infinitude of the private man." Emerson is also well known as a mentor and friend of Henry David Thoreau, a fellow transcendentalist. In 1867, he was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society. Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 25, 1803, a son of Ruth Haskins and the Rev. William Emerson, a Unitarian minister. He was named after his mother's brother Ralph and his father's great-grandmother Rebecca Waldo. Ralph Waldo was the second of five sons who survived into adulthood; the others were William, Edward, Robert Bulkeley, and Charles. Three other children—Phebe, John Clarke, and Mary Caroline—died in childhood.
What does the word ‘disseminate’ mean in the given passage?
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thoughts through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of transcendentalism in his 1836 essay "Nature". Following this work, he gave a speech entitled "The American Scholar" in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. considered to be America's "intellectual Declaration of Independence." Emerson wrote most of his important essays as lectures first and then revised them for print.
His first two collections of essays, Essays: First Series (1841) and Essays: Second Series (1844), represent the core of his thinking. They include the well-known essays "Self-Reliance", "The Over-Soul", "Circles", "The Poet", and "Experience." Together with "Nature", these essays made the decade from the mid-1830s to the mid-1840s Emerson's most fertile period. Emerson wrote on a number of subjects, never espousing fixed philosophical tenets, but developing certain ideas such as individuality, freedom, the ability for mankind to realize almost anything, and the relationship between the soul and the surrounding world. Emerson's "nature" was more philosophical than naturalistic: "Philosophically considered, the universe is composed of Nature and the Soul."
Emerson is one of several figures who "took a more pantheist or pandeist approach by rejecting views of God as separate from the world." He remains among the linchpins of the American romantic movement, and his work has greatly influenced the thinkers, writers and poets that followed him. "In all my lectures," he wrote, "I have taught one doctrine, namely, the infinitude of the private man." Emerson is also well known as a mentor and friend of Henry David Thoreau, a fellow transcendentalist. In 1867, he was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society. Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 25, 1803, a son of Ruth Haskins and the Rev. William Emerson, a Unitarian minister. He was named after his mother's brother Ralph and his father's great-grandmother Rebecca Waldo. Ralph Waldo was the second of five sons who survived into adulthood; the others were William, Edward, Robert Bulkeley, and Charles. Three other children—Phebe, John Clarke, and Mary Caroline—died in childhood.
What does the word ‘disseminate’ mean in the given passage?
Question 3:
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
“If there is no God, then everything is permitted.” - Fyodor Dostoevsky. Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 12 novels, four novellas, 16 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as multiple of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. As such, he is also looked upon as a philosopher and theologian as well. Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg's literary circles. Arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia, he was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment.
He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers. Dostoevsky was influenced by a wide variety of philosophers and authors including Pushkin, Gogol, Augustine, Shakespeare, Scott, Dickens, Balzac, Lermontov, Hugo, Poe, Plato, Cervantes, Herzen, Kant, Belinsky, Byron, Hegel, Schiller, Solovyov, Bakunin, Sand, Hoffmann, and Mickiewicz. His writings were widely read both within and beyond his native Russia and influenced an equally great number of later writers including Russians such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Anton Chekhov, philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre, and the emergence of Existentialism and Freudianism. His books have been translated into more than 170 languages, and served as the basis for many films.
Where did Dostoevsky develop a gambling addiction?
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
“If there is no God, then everything is permitted.” - Fyodor Dostoevsky. Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 12 novels, four novellas, 16 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as multiple of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. As such, he is also looked upon as a philosopher and theologian as well. Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg's literary circles. Arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia, he was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment.
He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers. Dostoevsky was influenced by a wide variety of philosophers and authors including Pushkin, Gogol, Augustine, Shakespeare, Scott, Dickens, Balzac, Lermontov, Hugo, Poe, Plato, Cervantes, Herzen, Kant, Belinsky, Byron, Hegel, Schiller, Solovyov, Bakunin, Sand, Hoffmann, and Mickiewicz. His writings were widely read both within and beyond his native Russia and influenced an equally great number of later writers including Russians such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Anton Chekhov, philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre, and the emergence of Existentialism and Freudianism. His books have been translated into more than 170 languages, and served as the basis for many films.
Where did Dostoevsky develop a gambling addiction?
Question 4:
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
“If there is no God, then everything is permitted.” - Fyodor Dostoevsky. Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 12 novels, four novellas, 16 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as multiple of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. As such, he is also looked upon as a philosopher and theologian as well. Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg's literary circles. Arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia, he was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment.
He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers. Dostoevsky was influenced by a wide variety of philosophers and authors including Pushkin, Gogol, Augustine, Shakespeare, Scott, Dickens, Balzac, Lermontov, Hugo, Poe, Plato, Cervantes, Herzen, Kant, Belinsky, Byron, Hegel, Schiller, Solovyov, Bakunin, Sand, Hoffmann, and Mickiewicz. His writings were widely read both within and beyond his native Russia and influenced an equally great number of later writers including Russians such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Anton Chekhov, philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre, and the emergence of Existentialism and Freudianism. His books have been translated into more than 170 languages, and served as the basis for many films.
Which of the following is Dostoevsky’s first novel?
Direction: A passage is given with the question following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to the question out of the given four alternatives.
“If there is no God, then everything is permitted.” - Fyodor Dostoevsky. Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 12 novels, four novellas, 16 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as multiple of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. As such, he is also looked upon as a philosopher and theologian as well. Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg's literary circles. Arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia, he was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment.
He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers. Dostoevsky was influenced by a wide variety of philosophers and authors including Pushkin, Gogol, Augustine, Shakespeare, Scott, Dickens, Balzac, Lermontov, Hugo, Poe, Plato, Cervantes, Herzen, Kant, Belinsky, Byron, Hegel, Schiller, Solovyov, Bakunin, Sand, Hoffmann, and Mickiewicz. His writings were widely read both within and beyond his native Russia and influenced an equally great number of later writers including Russians such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Anton Chekhov, philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre, and the emergence of Existentialism and Freudianism. His books have been translated into more than 170 languages, and served as the basis for many films.
Which of the following is Dostoevsky’s first novel?
Question 5:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the question given below it.
India has been publicly labelled the Bad Boy of the COP26 global environment summit. Behind the scenes, China and the US were also on the same side but with Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav reading out the amendment to the final text, it was inevitable that we got branded the recalcitrant backslider. In Delhi for the last two weeks, we’ve had a permanent pollution haze hanging over the city. So we only have to step out of the house to understand the urgency of climate change. Cleaning up the environment is about the here-and-now. It isn’t about a clean scrub by 2030 or even more distant dates like 2050 or 2060. Still, we must deal with cold hard reality on the ground. At COP26, the offending phrase that we insisted on changing was about accelerating the “phase-out” of power plants that don’t install what’s called carbon capture technology. India and China fought to have the words “phase down” inserted into the agreement in place of phase-out. That means they will make efforts to use less rather than an absolute commitment to using no energy at all from such power plants. There’s good reason for India and China to be reluctant about much-hyped carbon capture technology. For a start, it’s barely in its infancy and hasn’t really established a proven track record yet. There are only 20 projects in commercial use worldwide, the International Energy Agency says. (Elon Musk, though, has tweeted plans to offer $100 million towards a prize for the best carbon capture technology and Microsoft has a “moonshot” carbon capture climate plan.) To get an idea of what can go wrong, it’s worth taking a look at what happened at Boundary Dam in Saskatchewan, Canada. In 2014, expensive carbon capture technology was installed at Unit Three of the ageing power station there. (A) The captured carbon was slating to be sold to a nearby oilfield. Suffice to say, it hasn’t worked as intended and the project is in losses. Most recently, the Saskatchewan government said that technology wouldn’t be used on the power station’s other units which will shut down as scheduled in 2024.
Which of the following options best summarise the passage?
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the question given below it.
India has been publicly labelled the Bad Boy of the COP26 global environment summit. Behind the scenes, China and the US were also on the same side but with Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav reading out the amendment to the final text, it was inevitable that we got branded the recalcitrant backslider. In Delhi for the last two weeks, we’ve had a permanent pollution haze hanging over the city. So we only have to step out of the house to understand the urgency of climate change. Cleaning up the environment is about the here-and-now. It isn’t about a clean scrub by 2030 or even more distant dates like 2050 or 2060. Still, we must deal with cold hard reality on the ground. At COP26, the offending phrase that we insisted on changing was about accelerating the “phase-out” of power plants that don’t install what’s called carbon capture technology. India and China fought to have the words “phase down” inserted into the agreement in place of phase-out. That means they will make efforts to use less rather than an absolute commitment to using no energy at all from such power plants. There’s good reason for India and China to be reluctant about much-hyped carbon capture technology. For a start, it’s barely in its infancy and hasn’t really established a proven track record yet. There are only 20 projects in commercial use worldwide, the International Energy Agency says. (Elon Musk, though, has tweeted plans to offer $100 million towards a prize for the best carbon capture technology and Microsoft has a “moonshot” carbon capture climate plan.) To get an idea of what can go wrong, it’s worth taking a look at what happened at Boundary Dam in Saskatchewan, Canada. In 2014, expensive carbon capture technology was installed at Unit Three of the ageing power station there. (A) The captured carbon was slating to be sold to a nearby oilfield. Suffice to say, it hasn’t worked as intended and the project is in losses. Most recently, the Saskatchewan government said that technology wouldn’t be used on the power station’s other units which will shut down as scheduled in 2024.
Which of the following options best summarise the passage?
Question 6:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the question given below it.
India has been publicly labelled the Bad Boy of the COP26 global environment summit. Behind the scenes, China and the US were also on the same side but with Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav reading out the amendment to the final text, it was inevitable that we got branded the recalcitrant backslider. In Delhi for the last two weeks, we’ve had a permanent pollution haze hanging over the city. So we only have to step out of the house to understand the urgency of climate change. Cleaning up the environment is about the here-and-now. It isn’t about a clean scrub by 2030 or even more distant dates like 2050 or 2060. Still, we must deal with cold hard reality on the ground. At COP26, the offending phrase that we insisted on changing was about accelerating the “phase-out” of power plants that don’t install what’s called carbon capture technology. India and China fought to have the words “phase down” inserted into the agreement in place of phase-out. That means they will make efforts to use less rather than an absolute commitment to using no energy at all from such power plants. There’s good reason for India and China to be reluctant about much-hyped carbon capture technology. For a start, it’s barely in its infancy and hasn’t really established a proven track record yet. There are only 20 projects in commercial use worldwide, the International Energy Agency says. (Elon Musk, though, has tweeted plans to offer $100 million towards a prize for the best carbon capture technology and Microsoft has a “moonshot” carbon capture climate plan.) To get an idea of what can go wrong, it’s worth taking a look at what happened at Boundary Dam in Saskatchewan, Canada. In 2014, expensive carbon capture technology was installed at Unit Three of the ageing power station there. (A) The captured carbon was slating to be sold to a nearby oilfield. Suffice to say, it hasn’t worked as intended and the project is in losses. Most recently, the Saskatchewan government said that technology wouldn’t be used on the power station’s other units which will shut down as scheduled in 2024.
What is not true about carbon capture technology according to the facts mentioned in the passage?
I. Only 20 ongoing projects are there in the world.
II. The project that started in Canada has given favourable results so far.
III. Elon Musk and Microsoft want to contribute to it.
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the question given below it.
India has been publicly labelled the Bad Boy of the COP26 global environment summit. Behind the scenes, China and the US were also on the same side but with Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav reading out the amendment to the final text, it was inevitable that we got branded the recalcitrant backslider. In Delhi for the last two weeks, we’ve had a permanent pollution haze hanging over the city. So we only have to step out of the house to understand the urgency of climate change. Cleaning up the environment is about the here-and-now. It isn’t about a clean scrub by 2030 or even more distant dates like 2050 or 2060. Still, we must deal with cold hard reality on the ground. At COP26, the offending phrase that we insisted on changing was about accelerating the “phase-out” of power plants that don’t install what’s called carbon capture technology. India and China fought to have the words “phase down” inserted into the agreement in place of phase-out. That means they will make efforts to use less rather than an absolute commitment to using no energy at all from such power plants. There’s good reason for India and China to be reluctant about much-hyped carbon capture technology. For a start, it’s barely in its infancy and hasn’t really established a proven track record yet. There are only 20 projects in commercial use worldwide, the International Energy Agency says. (Elon Musk, though, has tweeted plans to offer $100 million towards a prize for the best carbon capture technology and Microsoft has a “moonshot” carbon capture climate plan.) To get an idea of what can go wrong, it’s worth taking a look at what happened at Boundary Dam in Saskatchewan, Canada. In 2014, expensive carbon capture technology was installed at Unit Three of the ageing power station there. (A) The captured carbon was slating to be sold to a nearby oilfield. Suffice to say, it hasn’t worked as intended and the project is in losses. Most recently, the Saskatchewan government said that technology wouldn’t be used on the power station’s other units which will shut down as scheduled in 2024.
What is not true about carbon capture technology according to the facts mentioned in the passage?
I. Only 20 ongoing projects are there in the world.
II. The project that started in Canada has given favourable results so far.
III. Elon Musk and Microsoft want to contribute to it.
Question 7:
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has done right in maintaining the status quo on policy rates and in continuing an accommodative monetary policy stance. The new Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus that is once again leading to lock-downs and closure of international borders has greatly increased the uncertainty regarding growth, making the central bank revise the Q3 2021-22 growth forecast to 6.56 per cent from 6.8 per cent projected in the previous meeting; the full year target is however being retained at 9.5 per cent for this fiscal. With private consumption and private capital expenditure yet to revert to pre-pandemic levels, the central bank is right in waiting for a sustained growth trajectory. This is especially so as there are strong headwinds to growth caused by expected volatility in financial markets due to monetary policy normalisation of central banks, continued global supply bottlenecks and elevated fuel prices.
While the central bank is right in focusing on supporting growth, it cannot shrug aside the risks posed by inflation. The inflation forecast for 2021-22 has been maintained at 5.3 per cent citing reasons such as expected correction in vegetable prices due to good rabi crop, supply side interventions by the Centre to bring down prices of edible oil and recent correction in crude oil prices. But the RBI seems to be ignoring the renewed spike in crude oil prices this week which indicates that the market is not as worried about the Omicron variant as policy makers and that global demand is likely to remain strong. Similarly, elevated global prices of edible oil and high core inflation are not likely to come down in a hurry. It’s a little surprising that the RBI is continuing with its view of inflation being transitory, while other central banks such as the Federal Reserve are finally beginning to acknowledge that high inflation is likely to persist longer than originally anticipated. While the RBI is in a wait and watch mode for now, it may soon need to resort to monetary tightening to control price increases since price stability is among the significant drivers of growth.
The RBI has also not given any guidance on reducing the surplus liquidity in the system, and has instead decided to continue rebalancing the surplus by shifting it from fixed rate reverse repo window to variable reverse repo rate auctions of longer maturity. While this move will help RBI control the short-term interest rates and move them closer to the policy rate, it does not impact the overall system liquidity. It’s clear that the RBI does not want to rock the boat in any manner as of now given the growing uncertainties, but it may have to start planning monetary tightening soon, especially with other central banks embarking on this path.
Which of the following is/are the reasons for RBI to continue its policy without any change?
I.New variant of Covid-19 virus
II. Private consumption has been more than pre-pandemic levels
III. Financial markets aren’t stable
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has done right in maintaining the status quo on policy rates and in continuing an accommodative monetary policy stance. The new Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus that is once again leading to lock-downs and closure of international borders has greatly increased the uncertainty regarding growth, making the central bank revise the Q3 2021-22 growth forecast to 6.56 per cent from 6.8 per cent projected in the previous meeting; the full year target is however being retained at 9.5 per cent for this fiscal. With private consumption and private capital expenditure yet to revert to pre-pandemic levels, the central bank is right in waiting for a sustained growth trajectory. This is especially so as there are strong headwinds to growth caused by expected volatility in financial markets due to monetary policy normalisation of central banks, continued global supply bottlenecks and elevated fuel prices.
While the central bank is right in focusing on supporting growth, it cannot shrug aside the risks posed by inflation. The inflation forecast for 2021-22 has been maintained at 5.3 per cent citing reasons such as expected correction in vegetable prices due to good rabi crop, supply side interventions by the Centre to bring down prices of edible oil and recent correction in crude oil prices. But the RBI seems to be ignoring the renewed spike in crude oil prices this week which indicates that the market is not as worried about the Omicron variant as policy makers and that global demand is likely to remain strong. Similarly, elevated global prices of edible oil and high core inflation are not likely to come down in a hurry. It’s a little surprising that the RBI is continuing with its view of inflation being transitory, while other central banks such as the Federal Reserve are finally beginning to acknowledge that high inflation is likely to persist longer than originally anticipated. While the RBI is in a wait and watch mode for now, it may soon need to resort to monetary tightening to control price increases since price stability is among the significant drivers of growth.
The RBI has also not given any guidance on reducing the surplus liquidity in the system, and has instead decided to continue rebalancing the surplus by shifting it from fixed rate reverse repo window to variable reverse repo rate auctions of longer maturity. While this move will help RBI control the short-term interest rates and move them closer to the policy rate, it does not impact the overall system liquidity. It’s clear that the RBI does not want to rock the boat in any manner as of now given the growing uncertainties, but it may have to start planning monetary tightening soon, especially with other central banks embarking on this path.
Which of the following is/are the reasons for RBI to continue its policy without any change?
I.New variant of Covid-19 virus
II. Private consumption has been more than pre-pandemic levels
III. Financial markets aren’t stable
Question 8:
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has done right in maintaining the status quo on policy rates and in continuing an accommodative monetary policy stance. The new Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus that is once again leading to lock-downs and closure of international borders has greatly increased the uncertainty regarding growth, making the central bank revise the Q3 2021-22 growth forecast to 6.56 per cent from 6.8 per cent projected in the previous meeting; the full year target is however being retained at 9.5 per cent for this fiscal. With private consumption and private capital expenditure yet to revert to pre-pandemic levels, the central bank is right in waiting for a sustained growth trajectory. This is especially so as there are strong headwinds to growth caused by expected volatility in financial markets due to monetary policy normalisation of central banks, continued global supply bottlenecks and elevated fuel prices.
While the central bank is right in focusing on supporting growth, it cannot shrug aside the risks posed by inflation. The inflation forecast for 2021-22 has been maintained at 5.3 per cent citing reasons such as expected correction in vegetable prices due to good rabi crop, supply side interventions by the Centre to bring down prices of edible oil and recent correction in crude oil prices. But the RBI seems to be ignoring the renewed spike in crude oil prices this week which indicates that the market is not as worried about the Omicron variant as policy makers and that global demand is likely to remain strong. Similarly, elevated global prices of edible oil and high core inflation are not likely to come down in a hurry. It’s a little surprising that the RBI is continuing with its view of inflation being transitory, while other central banks such as the Federal Reserve are finally beginning to acknowledge that high inflation is likely to persist longer than originally anticipated. While the RBI is in a wait and watch mode for now, it may soon need to resort to monetary tightening to control price increases since price stability is among the significant drivers of growth.
The RBI has also not given any guidance on reducing the surplus liquidity in the system, and has instead decided to continue rebalancing the surplus by shifting it from fixed rate reverse repo window to variable reverse repo rate auctions of longer maturity. While this move will help RBI control the short-term interest rates and move them closer to the policy rate, it does not impact the overall system liquidity. It’s clear that the RBI does not want to rock the boat in any manner as of now given the growing uncertainties, but it may have to start planning monetary tightening soon, especially with other central banks embarking on this path.
Which of the following words is most similar in meaning to the phrase “shrug aside” as given in the passage?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has done right in maintaining the status quo on policy rates and in continuing an accommodative monetary policy stance. The new Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus that is once again leading to lock-downs and closure of international borders has greatly increased the uncertainty regarding growth, making the central bank revise the Q3 2021-22 growth forecast to 6.56 per cent from 6.8 per cent projected in the previous meeting; the full year target is however being retained at 9.5 per cent for this fiscal. With private consumption and private capital expenditure yet to revert to pre-pandemic levels, the central bank is right in waiting for a sustained growth trajectory. This is especially so as there are strong headwinds to growth caused by expected volatility in financial markets due to monetary policy normalisation of central banks, continued global supply bottlenecks and elevated fuel prices.
While the central bank is right in focusing on supporting growth, it cannot shrug aside the risks posed by inflation. The inflation forecast for 2021-22 has been maintained at 5.3 per cent citing reasons such as expected correction in vegetable prices due to good rabi crop, supply side interventions by the Centre to bring down prices of edible oil and recent correction in crude oil prices. But the RBI seems to be ignoring the renewed spike in crude oil prices this week which indicates that the market is not as worried about the Omicron variant as policy makers and that global demand is likely to remain strong. Similarly, elevated global prices of edible oil and high core inflation are not likely to come down in a hurry. It’s a little surprising that the RBI is continuing with its view of inflation being transitory, while other central banks such as the Federal Reserve are finally beginning to acknowledge that high inflation is likely to persist longer than originally anticipated. While the RBI is in a wait and watch mode for now, it may soon need to resort to monetary tightening to control price increases since price stability is among the significant drivers of growth.
The RBI has also not given any guidance on reducing the surplus liquidity in the system, and has instead decided to continue rebalancing the surplus by shifting it from fixed rate reverse repo window to variable reverse repo rate auctions of longer maturity. While this move will help RBI control the short-term interest rates and move them closer to the policy rate, it does not impact the overall system liquidity. It’s clear that the RBI does not want to rock the boat in any manner as of now given the growing uncertainties, but it may have to start planning monetary tightening soon, especially with other central banks embarking on this path.
Which of the following words is most similar in meaning to the phrase “shrug aside” as given in the passage?
Question 10:
The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the optionthat best captures the essence of the passage.
Biologists who publish their research directly to the Web have been labelled as“rogue”, but physicists have been routinely publishing research digitally (“preprints”),prior to submitting in a peer-reviewed journal. Advocates of preprints argue that quickand open dissemination of research speeds up scientific progress and allows forwider access to knowledge. But some journals still don’t accept research previouslypublished as a preprint. Even if the idea of preprints is gaining ground, one of thebiggest barriers for biologists is how they would be viewed by members of theirconservative research community.
The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the optionthat best captures the essence of the passage.
Biologists who publish their research directly to the Web have been labelled as“rogue”, but physicists have been routinely publishing research digitally (“preprints”),prior to submitting in a peer-reviewed journal. Advocates of preprints argue that quickand open dissemination of research speeds up scientific progress and allows forwider access to knowledge. But some journals still don’t accept research previouslypublished as a preprint. Even if the idea of preprints is gaining ground, one of thebiggest barriers for biologists is how they would be viewed by members of theirconservative research community.
