NDA ENGLISH QUIZ

Attempt now to get your rank among 118 students!

Question 1:

Direction: The passage below is accompanied by a set of question. Choose the best answer to the question.


Management education gained new academic stature with US Universities and greater respect from outside during the 1960’s and 1970’s. Some observers attribute the competitive superiority of US corporations to the quality of business education. In 1978, a management professor, Herbert A. Simon of Carnegie Mellon University, won the Nobel Prize in economics for his work in decision theory. And the popularity of business education continued to grow, since 1960, the number of master’s degrees awarded annually has grown from under 5000 to over 50000 in the mid 1980’s, and the MBA has become known as ‘the passport to the good life’. By the 1980’s, however, US business schools faced critics who charged that learning has little relevance to real business problems. Some went so far as to blame business schools for the-decline in US competitiveness.

Amidst the criticisms, four distinct arguments may be discerned. The first is that business schools must be either unnecessary or deleterious because Japan does so well without them. Underlying this argument is the idea that management ability cannot be taught, one is either born with it or must acquire it over years or practical experience. A second argument is that business schools are overly academic and theoretical. They teach quantitative models that have little application to real world problems. Third, they give inadequate attention to shop floor issues, to production processes and to management resources. Finally, it is argued that they encourage undesirable attitudes in students, such as placing value on the short term and ‘bottom line’ targets, while neglecting longerterm development criteria. In summary, some business executives complain that MBA’s are incapable of handling day to day operational decisions, unable to communicate and to motivate people, and unwilling to accept responsibility for following through on implementation plans. We shall analyze these criticisms after having reviewed experiences in other countries.

In contrast to the expansion and development of business education in the United States and more recently in Europe, Japanese business schools graduate no more than two hundred MBA’s each year. The Keio Business School (KBS) was the only graduate school of management in the entire country until the mid 1970’s and it still boasts the only two year masters program. The absence of business schools in Japan would appear in contradiction with the high priority placed up learning by its Confucian culture. Confucian colleges taught administrative skills as early as 1630 and Japan wholeheartedly accepted Western learning following the Meiji restoration of 1868 when hundreds of students were dispatched to universities in US, Germany, England and France to learn the secrets of Western technology and modernization. Moreover, the Japanese educational system is highly developed and intensely competitive and can be credited for raising the literary and mathematical abilities of the Japanese to the highest level in the world.

Until recently, Japanese corporations have not been interested in using either local or foreign business schools for the development. Of their future executives. Their in-company training programs have sought the socialization of newcomers, the younger the better. The training is highly specific and those who receive it have neither the capacity nor the incentive to quit.

‘The prevailing belief says Imai, ‘is that management should be born out of experience and many years of effort and not learnt form educational institutions.’ A 1960 survey of Japanese senior executives confirmed that a majority (54%) believed that managerial capabilities can be attained only on the job and not in universities.

However, this view seems to be changing: that same to be changing: the same survey revealed that even as early as 1960, 37% of senior executives felt that the universities should teach integrated professional management. In the 1980’s, a Combination of increased competitive pressures and greater multi-nationalization of Japanese business are making it difficult for many companies to rely solely upon internally trained managers. This has led to a rapid growth of local business programs and a greater use of American MBA programs. In 1982-83, the Japanese comprised the largest single group of foreign students at Wharton, where they not only learnt the latest techniques of financial analysis, but also developed world-wide contacts through their classmates and became Americanized,something highly useful in future negotiations. The Japanese, then do not ‘do without’ business schools, as is sometimes contended. But the process of selecting and orienting new graduates, even MBA’s into corporations is radically different than in the US Rather than being placed in highly paying staff positions, new Japanese recruits are assigned responsibility for operational and even menial tasks. Success is based upon Japan’s system of highly competitive recruitment and intensive in-company management development, which in turn are grounded in its tradition of universal and rigorous academic education, life-long employment and strong group identification.

The harmony among these traditional elements has made Japanese industry highly productive and given corporate leadership a long-term view. It is true that this has been achieved without much attention to university business education, but extraordinary attention has been devoted to the development of managerial skills, both within the company and through participation in programs sponsored by the Productivity center and other similar organizations.

The 1960’s and 1970’s can best be described as a period: 

Direction: The passage below is accompanied by a set of question. Choose the best answer to the question.

Management education gained new academic stature with US Universities and greater respect from outside during the 1960’s and 1970’s. Some observers attribute the competitive superiority of US corporations to the quality of business education. In 1978, a management professor, Herbert A. Simon of Carnegie Mellon University, won the Nobel Prize in economics for his work in decision theory. And the popularity of business education continued to grow, since 1960, the number of master’s degrees awarded annually has grown from under 5000 to over 50000 in the mid 1980’s, and the MBA has become known as ‘the passport to the good life’. By the 1980’s, however, US business schools faced critics who charged that learning has little relevance to real business problems. Some went so far as to blame business schools for the-decline in US competitiveness.
Amidst the criticisms, four distinct arguments may be discerned. The first is that business schools must be either unnecessary or deleterious because Japan does so well without them. Underlying this argument is the idea that management ability cannot be taught, one is either born with it or must acquire it over years or practical experience. A second argument is that business schools are overly academic and theoretical. They teach quantitative models that have little application to real world problems. Third, they give inadequate attention to shop floor issues, to production processes and to management resources. Finally, it is argued that they encourage undesirable attitudes in students, such as placing value on the short term and ‘bottom line’ targets, while neglecting longerterm development criteria. In summary, some business executives complain that MBA’s are incapable of handling day to day operational decisions, unable to communicate and to motivate people, and unwilling to accept responsibility for following through on implementation plans. We shall analyze these criticisms after having reviewed experiences in other countries.
In contrast to the expansion and development of business education in the United States and more recently in Europe, Japanese business schools graduate no more than two hundred MBA’s each year. The Keio Business School (KBS) was the only graduate school of management in the entire country until the mid 1970’s and it still boasts the only two year masters program. The absence of business schools in Japan would appear in contradiction with the high priority placed up learning by its Confucian culture. Confucian colleges taught administrative skills as early as 1630 and Japan wholeheartedly accepted Western learning following the Meiji restoration of 1868 when hundreds of students were dispatched to universities in US, Germany, England and France to learn the secrets of Western technology and modernization. Moreover, the Japanese educational system is highly developed and intensely competitive and can be credited for raising the literary and mathematical abilities of the Japanese to the highest level in the world.
Until recently, Japanese corporations have not been interested in using either local or foreign business schools for the development. Of their future executives. Their in-company training programs have sought the socialization of newcomers, the younger the better. The training is highly specific and those who receive it have neither the capacity nor the incentive to quit.
‘The prevailing belief says Imai, ‘is that management should be born out of experience and many years of effort and not learnt form educational institutions.’ A 1960 survey of Japanese senior executives confirmed that a majority (54%) believed that managerial capabilities can be attained only on the job and not in universities.
However, this view seems to be changing: that same to be changing: the same survey revealed that even as early as 1960, 37% of senior executives felt that the universities should teach integrated professional management. In the 1980’s, a Combination of increased competitive pressures and greater multi-nationalization of Japanese business are making it difficult for many companies to rely solely upon internally trained managers. This has led to a rapid growth of local business programs and a greater use of American MBA programs. In 1982-83, the Japanese comprised the largest single group of foreign students at Wharton, where they not only learnt the latest techniques of financial analysis, but also developed world-wide contacts through their classmates and became Americanized,something highly useful in future negotiations. The Japanese, then do not ‘do without’ business schools, as is sometimes contended. But the process of selecting and orienting new graduates, even MBA’s into corporations is radically different than in the US Rather than being placed in highly paying staff positions, new Japanese recruits are assigned responsibility for operational and even menial tasks. Success is based upon Japan’s system of highly competitive recruitment and intensive in-company management development, which in turn are grounded in its tradition of universal and rigorous academic education, life-long employment and strong group identification.
The harmony among these traditional elements has made Japanese industry highly productive and given corporate leadership a long-term view. It is true that this has been achieved without much attention to university business education, but extraordinary attention has been devoted to the development of managerial skills, both within the company and through participation in programs sponsored by the Productivity center and other similar organizations.

Question 2:

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.


The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has done right in maintaining the status quo on policy rates and in continuing an accommodative monetary policy stance. The new Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus that is once again leading to lock-downs and closure of international borders has greatly increased the uncertainty regarding growth, making the central bank revise the Q3 2021-22 growth forecast to 6.56 per cent from 6.8 per cent projected in the previous meeting; the full year target is however being retained at 9.5 per cent for this fiscal. With private consumption and private capital expenditure yet to revert to pre-pandemic levels, the central bank is right in waiting for a sustained growth trajectory. This is especially so as there are strong headwinds to growth caused by expected volatility in financial markets due to monetary policy normalisation of central banks, continued global supply bottlenecks and elevated fuel prices.

While the central bank is right in focusing on supporting growth, it cannot shrug aside the risks posed by inflation. The inflation forecast for 2021-22 has been maintained at 5.3 per cent citing reasons such as expected correction in vegetable prices due to good rabi crop, supply side interventions by the Centre to bring down prices of edible oil and recent correction in crude oil prices. But the RBI seems to be ignoring the renewed spike in crude oil prices this week which indicates that the market is not as worried about the Omicron variant as policy makers and that global demand is likely to remain strong. Similarly, elevated global prices of edible oil and high core inflation are not likely to come down in a hurry. It’s a little surprising that the RBI is continuing with its view of inflation being transitory, while other central banks such as the Federal Reserve are finally beginning to acknowledge that high inflation is likely to persist longer than originally anticipated. While the RBI is in a wait and watch mode for now, it may soon need to resort to monetary tightening to control price increases since price stability is among the significant drivers of growth.

The RBI has also not given any guidance on reducing the surplus liquidity in the system, and has instead decided to continue rebalancing the surplus by shifting it from fixed rate reverse repo window to variable reverse repo rate auctions of longer maturity. While this move will help RBI control the short-term interest rates and move them closer to the policy rate, it does not impact the overall system liquidity. It’s clear that the RBI does not want to rock the boat in any manner as of now given the growing uncertainties, but it may have to start planning monetary tightening soon, especially with other central banks embarking on this path.

Which of the following words is most similar in meaning to the phrase “shrug aside” as given in the passage?

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The Reserve Bank of India’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has done right in maintaining the status quo on policy rates and in continuing an accommodative monetary policy stance. The new Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus that is once again leading to lock-downs and closure of international borders has greatly increased the uncertainty regarding growth, making the central bank revise the Q3 2021-22 growth forecast to 6.56 per cent from 6.8 per cent projected in the previous meeting; the full year target is however being retained at 9.5 per cent for this fiscal. With private consumption and private capital expenditure yet to revert to pre-pandemic levels, the central bank is right in waiting for a sustained growth trajectory. This is especially so as there are strong headwinds to growth caused by expected volatility in financial markets due to monetary policy normalisation of central banks, continued global supply bottlenecks and elevated fuel prices.
While the central bank is right in focusing on supporting growth, it cannot shrug aside the risks posed by inflation. The inflation forecast for 2021-22 has been maintained at 5.3 per cent citing reasons such as expected correction in vegetable prices due to good rabi crop, supply side interventions by the Centre to bring down prices of edible oil and recent correction in crude oil prices. But the RBI seems to be ignoring the renewed spike in crude oil prices this week which indicates that the market is not as worried about the Omicron variant as policy makers and that global demand is likely to remain strong. Similarly, elevated global prices of edible oil and high core inflation are not likely to come down in a hurry. It’s a little surprising that the RBI is continuing with its view of inflation being transitory, while other central banks such as the Federal Reserve are finally beginning to acknowledge that high inflation is likely to persist longer than originally anticipated. While the RBI is in a wait and watch mode for now, it may soon need to resort to monetary tightening to control price increases since price stability is among the significant drivers of growth.
The RBI has also not given any guidance on reducing the surplus liquidity in the system, and has instead decided to continue rebalancing the surplus by shifting it from fixed rate reverse repo window to variable reverse repo rate auctions of longer maturity. While this move will help RBI control the short-term interest rates and move them closer to the policy rate, it does not impact the overall system liquidity. It’s clear that the RBI does not want to rock the boat in any manner as of now given the growing uncertainties, but it may have to start planning monetary tightening soon, especially with other central banks embarking on this path.

Question 3:

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage. 


Foreign peacekeepers often exist in a bubble in the poor countries in which they are deployed; they live in posh compounds, drive fancy vehicles, and distance themselves from locals. This may be partially justified as they are outsiders, living in constant fear, performing a job that is emotionally draining. But they are often despised by the locals, and many would like them to leave. A better solution would be bottom-up peace building, which would involve their spending more time working with communities, understanding their grievances and earning their trust, rather than only meeting government officials.

Question 4:

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage. 


Developing countries are becoming hotbeds of business innovation in much the same way as Japan did from the 1950s onwards. They are reinventing systems of production and distribution, and experimenting with entirely new business models. Why are countries that were until recently associated with cheap hands now becoming leaders in innovation? Driven by a mixture of ambition and fear they are relentlessly climbing up the value chain. Emerging-market champions have not only proved highly competitive in their own backyards, they are also going global themselves.

Question 5:

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the optionthat best captures the essence of the passage.


The unlikely alliance of the incumbent industrialist and the distressed unemployedworker is especially powerful amid the debris of corporate bankruptcies and layoffs. Inan economic downturn, the capitalist is more likely to focus on costs of thecompetition emanating from free markets than on the opportunities they create. Andthe unemployed worker will find many others in a similar condition and with anxietiessimilar to his, which will make it easier for them to organize together. Using the coverand the political organization provided by the distressed, the capitalist captures thepolitical agenda.

Question 6:

Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.
What would be classified as green ?
Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.

Question 7:

Direction :- Read the following passage carefully and answer the question. 


The role of foreign remittances in a nation’s development can hardly be exaggerated with over a billion people involved in the remittance economy. According to UN estimates, close to 800 million people worldwide are recipients of these flows of money sent by their family members who have migrated for work. Of these, over 200 million foreign workers send money home to help pay for basic needs such as food, housing, education, and healthcare. These international money transfers have traditionally tended to be costly and cumbersome affairs. Cash-based transfer services charge phenomenal sums as transfer charges. On average, globally, currency conversions and fees amount to a whopping 6.3 per cent of the total amounts sent. This is a large sum by any standards.

Thus, migrant workers risk losing more of their hard-earned money, while economically vulnerable families, with little or no access to banks or transfer agencies, are continually excluded in more ways than one. Covid-19 proved a further major setback to the already marginalised families of migrants in developing nations. Nonetheless, despite the economic slump, the money sent home by migrants that was predicted to fall by 20 per cent by the World Bank and IMF stayed stable, registering a smaller decline than previously projected.

Even so, little relief came in the form of hidden charges and transaction fees. The panacea has come in the form of tech startups that are enabling bank-free, digital transfers of foreign funds that tend to be cost-effective, fast and transparent. These digital remittance solutions are proving to be a real _______________(A)______ millions of immigrant workers. Digital transmissions are particularly beneficial to emerging economies, where digital growth has received a fillip following the pandemic. This digital shift in the remittances landscape has potential to be truly inclusive for economic and social growth for several reasons: First: If remittance money becomes easily accessible and the transaction cost is affordable--families can start looking beyond survival, into saving and investing in asset building or income-generating activities.

Secondly, it addresses the question of limited access to remittance services in sending and receiving countries. The post-Covid digital push in emerging economies is enabling regulatory innovation that encourages positive change in the payment ecosystem, creating the conditions for digital payments to take-off. ______________(B)_____________ Thirdly, remittances sent by migrant workers are often a major part of their families’ total income and, as such, represents a lifeline for them. Often suffering acute medical emergencies’ or crop failures in rural areas, the families’ survival hinges on every penny they receive. Fourthly, according to the UN, remittances can help achieve at least seven of the 17 Sustainable Development Agenda goals and are three times more important than international aid.

All in all, the benefits offered by fast, easy means of remittance, at low costs go far beyond offering mere convenience. Transparent, cheap, digital channels are proving truly inclusive in ensuring that the benefits of remittance fully reach the hitherto financially overlooked and underserved segments. Given the manifold benefits of easy remittance solutions, it is no wonder that there is a serious rethink on global banking systems to enable them to serve individual needs. Nonetheless, with enabling regulatory frameworks, improved mobile technological solutions, and digitalization, fast, cheap and easy remittance solutions will soon become the standard — and have an even larger potential to fundamentally impact developing economies in a positive manner.

Which of the following phrases will fit in blank (A) of the passage?

Direction :- Read the following passage carefully and answer the question.

The role of foreign remittances in a nation’s development can hardly be exaggerated with over a billion people involved in the remittance economy. According to UN estimates, close to 800 million people worldwide are recipients of these flows of money sent by their family members who have migrated for work. Of these, over 200 million foreign workers send money home to help pay for basic needs such as food, housing, education, and healthcare. These international money transfers have traditionally tended to be costly and cumbersome affairs. Cash-based transfer services charge phenomenal sums as transfer charges. On average, globally, currency conversions and fees amount to a whopping 6.3 per cent of the total amounts sent. This is a large sum by any standards.
Thus, migrant workers risk losing more of their hard-earned money, while economically vulnerable families, with little or no access to banks or transfer agencies, are continually excluded in more ways than one. Covid-19 proved a further major setback to the already marginalised families of migrants in developing nations. Nonetheless, despite the economic slump, the money sent home by migrants that was predicted to fall by 20 per cent by the World Bank and IMF stayed stable, registering a smaller decline than previously projected.
Even so, little relief came in the form of hidden charges and transaction fees. The panacea has come in the form of tech startups that are enabling bank-free, digital transfers of foreign funds that tend to be cost-effective, fast and transparent. These digital remittance solutions are proving to be a real _______________(A)______ millions of immigrant workers. Digital transmissions are particularly beneficial to emerging economies, where digital growth has received a fillip following the pandemic. This digital shift in the remittances landscape has potential to be truly inclusive for economic and social growth for several reasons: First: If remittance money becomes easily accessible and the transaction cost is affordable--families can start looking beyond survival, into saving and investing in asset building or income-generating activities.
Secondly, it addresses the question of limited access to remittance services in sending and receiving countries. The post-Covid digital push in emerging economies is enabling regulatory innovation that encourages positive change in the payment ecosystem, creating the conditions for digital payments to take-off. ______________(B)_____________ Thirdly, remittances sent by migrant workers are often a major part of their families’ total income and, as such, represents a lifeline for them. Often suffering acute medical emergencies’ or crop failures in rural areas, the families’ survival hinges on every penny they receive. Fourthly, according to the UN, remittances can help achieve at least seven of the 17 Sustainable Development Agenda goals and are three times more important than international aid.
All in all, the benefits offered by fast, easy means of remittance, at low costs go far beyond offering mere convenience. Transparent, cheap, digital channels are proving truly inclusive in ensuring that the benefits of remittance fully reach the hitherto financially overlooked and underserved segments. Given the manifold benefits of easy remittance solutions, it is no wonder that there is a serious rethink on global banking systems to enable them to serve individual needs. Nonetheless, with enabling regulatory frameworks, improved mobile technological solutions, and digitalization, fast, cheap and easy remittance solutions will soon become the standard — and have an even larger potential to fundamentally impact developing economies in a positive manner.

Question 8:

Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.
Is EU’s politics free from any dispute ?
Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.

Question 9:

Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.

The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.

From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.

Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.

What has been described as transition fuel ?

Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.

Question 10:

Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.
Does discussion in the EU affect other parts of the world?
Direction for Reading Comprehension : The passage given here are followed by somequestions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage.
The inclusion of nuclear and gas as ‘green’ energy by the European Commission (EC) in its draft text of its taxonomy regulations is an acceptance of the complexities of implementing the transition to a climate-neutral economy. South Korea, too, has included liquefied natural gas (LPG) in its taxonomy. The EC has begun consultations with experts from EU member states to give final shape to these regulations. The draft text is part of the exercise of labelling investment as green. Investments in activities contributing to reduction in emissions, adapting to climate not causing harm or undermining environment objectives would be classified as green. What remains unresolved in the overarching legislation adopted last year and the subject of political wrangling within the EU- is whether nuclear energy and gas get the green signal. As many as 15 member states favour the inclusion of nuclear, describing it as essential to meet the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Austria and Germany are among those strongly opposed.
From a global perspective, a EU nod will require addressing questions on its implications on other international agreements governing the nuclear sector and the disposal waste or spent fuel. It could incentivise R&D of alternative nuclear technology. The draft describes gas as a ‘transition’ fuel and provides a timeline for transitioning to low carbon gas or renewable in 2035. Its inclusion will give rise to the question of how much latitude can be given to fossil fuel as countries map out their transition plans.
Discussion in the EU on gas and nuclear are expected to be mirrored in other parts of the world, India included. There is agreement that emissions must be reduced. How fast,is the real question.
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