Development of National Waterways
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To promote Inland Water Transport in the country 111 waterways (including 5 existing and 106 new) have been declared as National Waterways (NWs) under the National Waterways Act, 2016 which came into effect from 12th April, 2016. Based on the outcome of techno-economic feasibility and Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) of NWs, 25 NWs have been found viable by the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) for cargo/ passenger movement. The list of the 25 NWs is given below.
Advantage of the Inland waterways
● Bulk cargo like coal, fly-ash and iron ore are found economical & cost-effective for movement through Inland Water Transport (IWT) which is an environmentally friendly and less pollutant mode of transport than Rail & Road. The cargo through Inland Ship is transported in barges and there is no direct contact of the cargo with water and therefore no ecological impacts.
Role of Inland Waterways Authority of India
Operation of Ferries is a State subject. Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) established through IWAI Act, 1985 for the regulation and development of National Waterways for purposes of shipping and navigation has notified (with the prior approval of the Central Govt.) following regulations for safety considerations-
(i) Prevention of Collision on National Waterways Regulations, 2002 and
(ii) National waterway, Safety of Navigation and Shipping Regulations, 2002
LIST OF 25 NATIONAL WATERWAYS FOUND FEASIBLE FOR CARGO MOVEMENT
Sl. No. | National Waterway No. | Details of Waterways | STATES | Status |
1 | National Waterway 1 | Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly River System (Haldia - Allahabad) | Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand & West Bengal | Development taken up with Assistance from World Bank Jal Marg Vikas Project |
2 | National Waterway 2 | Brahmaputra River (Dhubri - Sadiya) | Assam | Development taken up as per approved SFC for FY 20-21 to 2024-25 |
3 | National Waterway 16 | Barak River | Assam | |
4 | National Waterway 3 | West Coast Canal (Kottapuram - Kollam), Champakara and Udyogmandal Canals | Kerala | Mostly Operational Waterways and development and maintenance work taken up. |
5 | National Waterway 4 | Krishna River (Vijayawada – Muktyala) | Andhra Pradesh | |
6 | National Waterway 5 | Dhamra-Paradio via Mangalagadi to Pankopal | Odisha | |
7 | National Waterway 8 | Alappuzha- Changanassery Canal | Kerala | |
8 | National Waterway 9 | Alappuzha-Kottayam – Athirampuzha Canal | Kerala Alternate route: 11.5km | |
9 | National Waterway 27 | Cumberjua River | Goa | |
10 | National Waterway 68 | Mandovi River | Goa | |
11 | National Waterway 86 | Rupnarayan River | West Bengal | |
12 | National Waterway 97 | Sunderbans Waterway | West Bengal | |
13 | National Waterway 111 | Zuari River | Goa | |
14 | National Waterway 10 | Amba River | Maharashtra | Projects at appraisal stage |
15 | National Waterway 40 | Ghagra River | Bihar | |
16 | National Waterway 44 | Ichamati River | West Bengal | |
17 | National Waterway 52 | Kali River | Karnataka | |
18 | National Waterway 57 | Kopili River | Assam | |
19 | National Waterway 25 | Chapora River | Goa | |
20 | National Waterway 37 | Gandak River | Bihar | |
21 | National Waterway 28 | Dabhol Creek Vasisti River | Maharashtra | Substantial cargo moves in tidal waters/river mouth under respective State maritime board. No interventions are contemplated by IWAI as of now. |
22 | National Waterway 73 | Narmada River | Maharashtra & Gujarat | |
23 | National Waterway 85 | Revadanda Creek - Kundalika River System | Maharashtra | |
24 | National Waterway 94 | Sone River | Bihar | |
25 | National Waterway 100 | Tapi River | Maharashtra & Gujarat |
Source: PIB
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