1. SpaceX launches 'Jupiter 3', world's largest private communication satellite
Tags: Science and Technology International News
On July 27, 2023, SpaceX launched the world's largest private communications satellite 'Jupiter 3' using a Falcon Heavy rocket from Launch Complex-39A of NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
An Overview of the News
The 'Jupiter 3' satellite, developed by Maxar Technologies in Palo Alto, California, holds the record as the largest commercial communications satellite ever built.
This upcoming launch marks the seventh mission of SpaceX's triple-booster rocket, the Falcon Heavy, which first attracted widespread attention during its debut in 2018.
About 'Jupiter 3'
Its size would be comparable to the wingspan of a commercial airliner, measuring between 130 and 160 feet (40 to 50 m). Its larger size will enable it to double current internet capacity to 500 Gbps, significantly improving connectivity in areas with limited cable and fibre options.
Hughes will integrate the 'Jupiter 3' into its existing satellite network, allowing HughesNet customers in the United States and Latin America to access high-speed satellite broadband at speeds of up to 100 Mbps.
The capabilities of satellites extend far beyond regular Internet access. It will support in-flight Wi-Fi, ensuring connectivity for passengers during air travel. It will also provide maritime connectivity, allowing internet access for ships at sea.
'Jupiter 3' will play a key role in enhancing enterprise networks, meeting the connectivity needs of businesses across North and South America.
Additionally, the satellite will serve as a reliable backhaul solution for mobile network operators (MNOs), ensuring smoother and more efficient data transmission within the region's mobile networks.
One of its essential applications is providing community Wi-Fi solutions, which help bridge the digital divide and extend Internet access to disadvantaged areas in North and South America.
About NASA
NASA was formed on July 19, 1948, under the National Aeronautics and Space Act, replacing its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).
NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Headquarters - Washington D.C.
Administrator - Bill Nelson
2. PM inaugurates India's grand international exhibition-cum-convention centre 'Bharat Mandapam'
Tags: National News
Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation the International Exhibition-cum-Convention Center (IECC) complex named 'Bharat Mandapam' at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi on July 27, 2023.
An Overview of the News
The G-20 coin and stamp were also released at the grand opening ceremony.
During the inauguration, Prime Minister Modi emphasised on the vision of 'think big, dream big, work big' to propel progress and development in the nation.
The 'Bharat Mandapam' complex, built at a cost of approximately US$329.17 million (Rs 2,700 crore), serves as a national project aimed at showcasing India as a global economic destination.
Concept of 'Bharat Mandapam':
The name of the complex, 'Bharat Mandapam', takes inspiration from the idea of Lord Basaveshwara's Anubhava Mandapam, a pavilion for public festivals.
The convention centre aims to remain open to the public and provide all the necessary facilities to contribute to the development of India as a modern nation.
India's biggest MICE destination:
'Bharat Mandapam' is designed to be India's largest Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions (MICE) destination.
It will host international exhibitions, trade fairs, conferences, conventions and other major events.
Architectural Wonders and Cultural Symbolism:
The architectural design of the convention centre is inspired by the shape of a conch shell, and its façade depicts various elements of the traditional art and culture of India.
Symbolic presentations include 'Surya Shakti' for India's efforts in harnessing solar energy, 'Zero for ISRO' celebrating achievements in space and 'Pancha Mahabhutas' representing the building blocks of the universe - Akash, Vayu, Agni. Are included.
State-of-the-art facilities:
The 'Bharat Mandapam' has a magnificent multi-purpose hall and full hall with a combined seating capacity of 7,000 people, which is more than the seating capacity of the Sydney Opera House in Australia.
It also has a magnificent amphitheatre with a seating capacity of 3,000 people.
Blend of Tradition and Modernity:
The walls and façade of the complex are adorned with paintings and tribal art forms from different regions of India, reflecting the country's rich cultural diversity.
3. Italy inaugurates "VC Yashwant Ghadge Sundial Memorial
Tags: place in news International News
Italy inaugurated the "VC Yashwant Ghadege Sundiyal Memorial" in honor of the Indian Army's significant contribution during World War II.
An Overview of the News
The memorial, located in Monton, Perugia, Italy, commemorates the bravery and sacrifice of Naik Yashwant Ghadege, who lost his life in the Upper Tiber Valley.
The monument's motto, "Omines sub - eodem soul," translates to "We all live under the same sun" in Hindi.
The ceremony was attended by India's Ambassador to Italy and Indian Defense Attache, Dr. Nina Malhotra, along with numerous Italian citizens, distinguished guests, and members of the Italian Armed Forces.
Indian troops played a crucial role in the Italian campaign, with over 50,000 soldiers from the 4th, 8th, and 10th divisions participating.
Notably, Indian soldiers were awarded six out of the twenty Victoria Crosses given in Italy for their extraordinary valour.
The Indian soldiers suffered a total of 23,722 casualties during the campaign, and 5,782 of them made the ultimate sacrifice for their country.
These brave soldiers are remembered and honoured in 40 Commonwealth War tombs scattered across Italy.
4. Pan Gongsheng appointed as the governor of the Central Bank of China
Tags: International News
On July 25, 2023, Pan Gongsheng was appointed as the Governor of the Central Bank of China, marking the ruling Communist Party's highly anticipated final major appointment in a decade.
An Overview of the News
Pan Gongsheng, a deputy governor of the central bank and a seasoned expert in China's government banking sector, assumed the position, succeeding Yi Gang, an American-trained economist who served in the role for five years.
The Governor of the People's Bank of China, Pan Gongsheng, holds a preeminent position within Chinese finance circles, as the bank is under the control of the ruling Communist Party.
Previously, in 2015, Pan was appointed as the head of China's foreign exchange regulator. Prior to that, he held the position of vice-chairman at Agricultural Bank of China Limited, one of the country's four major commercial lenders.
Pan Gongsheng earned his PhD in Economics from the University of Renmin in Beijing and conducted research at both Cambridge and Harvard Universities. He received recognition for his role in effectively managing the currency crisis in 2016.
Bank of China:
In August 1905, the first National Bank of China, known as the Treasure Bank, was founded in Beijing.
Instead of being named 'Bank of Great King,' the institution adopted the name 'Bank of China' when it opened its doors in Shanghai on February 5, 1912.
On August 1, 1912, the bank's headquarters were established in Zijiaamin Lane, Beijing.
In 2006, Bank of China made history by becoming the first Chinese bank to achieve dual listing on both the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange.
5. Massive 'Talisman Saber' military exercise begins with 14 nations in Australia-US joint training
Tags: International News
The 10th edition of the multilateral military exercise, 'Talisman Sabre,' commenced on July 21, 2023, at HMAS Canberra in Townsville, involving Australia, the United States, and eleven partner nations.
An Overview of the News
'Talisman Sabre is the largest military exercise of its kind, with over 30,000 military personnel participating. The exercise locations span across Queensland, Western Australia, Northern Region, and New South Wales in 2023.
Notably, this year's exercise will feature practice sessions around Norfolk Island, marking the first time this location is included in the training.
Alongside the United States and Australia, other participating countries include Canada, Fiji, France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Republic of Korea, and Tonga.
Germany is taking part in the 'Talisman Sabre' exercise for the first time, adding to the international collaboration.
Additionally, personnel from India, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand will participate as observers, strengthening the exercise's cooperative and learning aspects.
Talisman Sabre:
It is an exercise held every two years, commenced in 2005 from June 12 to June 27.
It took place in Sholavatar Bay, Rockhampton, Townsville, and Coral Sea, involving the participation of 16,000 American and Australian troops.
The upcoming Talisman Saber exercise will witness the involvement of 13 nations in a comprehensive multi-domain war encompassing sea, land, air, cyber, and space domains.
The primary objective of this exercise is to foster closer cooperation and build strong relationships among the participating military forces.
The activities planned for this exercise include force preparation and logistics operations, amphibian landings, ground force maneuvers, field training exercises, and simulations of air and maritime operations.
6. Russia implements comprehensive ban on sex change and transgender marriages
Tags: International News
Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed new legislation that significantly affects the LGBTQ+ community in Russia.
The law, passed unanimously by both houses of Parliament, includes a comprehensive ban on sex change.
An Overview of the News
Medical interventions aimed at changing a person's sex and changing sex on official documents or public records are strictly prohibited.
The new law allows medical intervention only to treat congenital anomalies.
The law also affects marriage and family planning, voids marriages where one partner has changed gender, and prevents transgender persons from becoming foster or adoptive parents.
The ban is rooted in the government's pursuit of what they consider to be the nation's "traditional values".
Lawmakers argue that the law is necessary to combat "anti-Western family ideology".
The crackdown on LGBTQ+ rights in Russia has been ongoing for a decade, with a number of restrictive measures introduced over the years.
The government's stance on promoting "traditional family values" was supported by the Russian Orthodox Church.
Various laws were enacted to suppress LGBTQ+ rights, including banning "non-traditional sexual relations" between minors and banning same-sex marriage.
Last year, a law was introduced to suppress the "promotion of non-traditional sexual relations" among adults, further tightening restrictions on LGBTQ+ rights in the country.
Key Points
Estonia is the first Central European country to allow same-sex marriage.
Edgars Rinkevic is the first openly gay head of state in the European Union.
7. India Bans Non-basmati White Rice Exports
Tags: National News
India banned the export of non-basmati white rice to stabilise the volatility in retail prices within the country.
An Overview of the News
This decision was taken by the Ministry of Food and Consumer Affairs.
The ban applies to all exports of "non-basmati white rice".
India's decision is significant as it is the world's leading rice exporter.
An exemption from the ban will be granted to countries that request the export of white rice.
Countries seeking exceptions must meet their own food safety requirements and obtain formal approval from their respective governments.
The primary objective of the ban is to stabilise the volatility of retail prices within India.
Two major challenges affecting India's rice production are global food prices affected by the war in Ukraine and unpredictable weather conditions, including heavy monsoon rains in northern rice-growing states and insufficient rainfall in other regions.
Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT):
DGFT is an important agency under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
Its headquarter is in New Delhi, India.
DGFT plays an important role in regulating and enforcing laws related to foreign trade.
One of its major responsibilities is to formulate and implement foreign trade policy.
The foreign trade policy aims to promote India's export activities and create a conducive environment for international trade.
The current Director General of DGFT is Amit Yadav.
8. Admiral Lisa Franchetti becomes the first woman to lead the US Navy
Tags: International News
US President Joe Biden has nominated Admiral Lisa Franchetti to lead the US Navy.
If confirmed by the Senate, Admiral Franchetti would become the first female member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
An Overview of the News
Currently serving as the 42nd Deputy Chief of Naval Operations from September 2022.
Previous roles include director of strategy, plans, and policies of the Joint Staff (2020–2022) and commander of the United States Sixth Fleet (2018–2020).
Made history as the second woman to be promoted to the rank of four-star admiral in the US Navy.
Education: Earned a Bachelor of Science degree with developmental honours in journalism and history from Northwestern University.
Further Education: Master's degree in Organisational Management from the University of Phoenix.
Awards and Recognition: Received numerous awards, including the Defense Vishisht Seva Medal, Defense Superior Service Medal (two awards), Vishisht Seva Medal, Legion of Merit (five awards), Meritorious Service Medal (five awards), Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal (four awards), and Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal (two awards).
9. Sri Lankan President Ranil Wickremesinghe's two-day visit to India
Tags: International Relations
Sri Lankan President Ranil Wickremesinghe made a two-day visit to India on 20 and 21 July 2023, during which several important agreements were signed between the two countries, which is considered very important in terms of relations between the two countries.
An Overview of the news:
- Delegation level talks were held between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Sri Lankan President on 21 July 2023 in New Delhi.
- This year both the countries are celebrating the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations. Apart from this, the Tamil community of Indian origin is completing 200 years of its arrival in Sri Lanka.
Agreement on vision document to strengthen economic partnership:
- During the talks, a vision document has been adopted to take the bilateral economic partnership between the two countries to a new level.
- Through this, both the countries will increase mutual cooperation in tourism, energy, trade, higher education and skill development. Through this vision, it has been decided to strengthen maritime, air, energy and people-to-people connectivity among people.
India's Long Term Commitment:
- To get Sri Lanka out of the economic crisis, India will increase its economic activities through more investments there.
Economic and Technological Cooperation Agreement (ETCA):
- Both the countries have decided to start negotiations on the Economic and Technological Cooperation Agreement (ETCA) at the earliest. This will open new avenues of bilateral trade and economic cooperation.
Agreements signed for UPI launch in Sri Lanka:
- India's UPI will be able to make payments in Sri Lanka. For this, India's UPI technology has now been accepted by Sri Lanka as well. This will also help in increasing fintech connectivity.
- Prior to this, France, UAE and Singapore have adopted this app-based service for payment of money.
Connectivity to enhance bilateral cooperation:
- Both countries have decided to increase air connectivity. Along with this, it has also been decided to start passenger ferry services between Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu and Kanke-Santurai in Sri Lanka.
- The resumption of flights between Chennai-Jaffna is helping in increasing people-to-people contact between the two countries.
- Along with this, both the countries have also agreed to investigate the feasibility of the land bridge.
Cooperation in Energy Sector:
- Both countries have decided to expedite the work of connecting the electricity grid to enhance energy cooperation.
- Under this, both the countries have decided to conduct a feasibility study to give a realistic shape to the possibility of building a petroleum pipeline between the two countries.
- In this context, India has already provided petroleum products to Nepal and Bangladesh through pipelines.
10. Japan becomes second Quad partner to sign semiconductor agreement with India
Tags: International Relations
India and Japan recently signed an agreement to jointly develop the semiconductor ecosystem, strengthening their partnership and resilience in the global supply chain.
An Overview of the News
The memorandum signed by Union Electronics and IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnav and Japan's Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Yasutoshi Nishimura covers various areas of cooperation.
This marks Japan as the second Quad partner after the United States to collaborate with India to enhance the semiconductor industry.
The agreement covers various areas of cooperation, including semiconductor design, manufacturing, device research and talent development, with the aim of ensuring a robust and reliable semiconductor supply chain.
To facilitate efficient cooperation, the two countries will set up an "implementing organisation" to promote government-to-government and industry-to-industry partnerships.
Recognizing Japan's Semiconductor Expertise
Japan holds a significant position in the semiconductor industry with nearly 100 semiconductor manufacturing plants, making it one of the top five countries with a strong semiconductor ecosystem.
The projected growth of the semiconductor industry from US$650 billion to US$1 trillion requires talent development in multiple locations around the world, and Japan sees India's complementary strengths as a valuable opportunity for mutual benefit.
Japan has expertise in critical semiconductor elements such as raw wafer materials, chemicals, gases and chip manufacturing equipment and display technologies.
By transferring this knowledge and expertise to India, both countries aim to achieve significant milestones in the semiconductor industry.
About Japan
It is also called Nihon or Nippon and is an archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean in East Asia.
It is made up of four main islands Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu and Honshu is the largest island of Japan.
Its highest mountain is Mount Fuji.
It is the third largest economy in the world after the United States and China.
Capital - Tokyo
currency - yen
Prime Minister - Fumio Kishida
