1. India and Germany Hold 17th Military Cooperation Meeting in Berlin
The 17th edition of the India-Germany Military Cooperation Sub Group (MCSG) meeting took place from 01-02 October 2024 in Berlin, Germany.
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The event aimed to further strengthen and enhance military cooperation between the two nations.
Key Discussion Points:
Focus on new initiatives to enhance bilateral military cooperation.
Discussions on strengthening ongoing defence engagements across various areas.
The meeting was conducted in a friendly, warm, and cordial atmosphere.
MCSG Structure and Leadership:
Objective: Boost defence cooperation through regular strategic and operational talks.
Participants:
Indian side: Deputy Assistant Chief of Integrated Defence Staff for International Defence Cooperation.
German side: Deputy Director, Department of International Cooperation, Armed Forces Office.
Involvement: Headquarters, Integrated Defence Staff (India) and Department of International Cooperation (Germany).
2. Archaeologists Discover 8,200-Year-Old Kohl Stick in Turkey
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Archaeologists uncovered the oldest known kohl stick, an early form of eyeliner, at the prehistoric site of Yeşilova Höyük in Turkey.
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The kohl stick, dating back over 8,200 years, is made from green serpentine stone and shows traces of black paint at its tip.
Lead archaeologist Zafer Derin noted the historical significance of kohl, used across cultures, including Egypt, the Levant, and Anatolia.
Physical Details of the Kohl Stick
The kohl stick measures about 10 cm in length and 1 cm in thickness, resembling a modern pen.
Its finely crafted design indicates advanced skills in creating personal care tools during that era.
It was likely used by dipping it in kohl powder for application around the eyes, with the black substance likely containing manganese oxide for a dramatic look.
Kohl’s Medicinal and Cultural Uses
Beyond aesthetics, kohl held medicinal and cultural significance, protecting the eyes from sunlight and treating various eye ailments.
Historical texts associate kohl application with spiritual beliefs, including warding off evil spirits and enhancing vision.
Traditionally made by grinding stibnite into a fine powder, kohl continues to inspire beauty practices worldwide.
A Glimpse into Ancient Beauty Practices
The Kohl Stick discovery emphasizes the long-standing human interest in cosmetics, dating back to prehistoric times.
It illustrates that ancient people valued personal appearance and used cosmetics for both practical and aesthetic purposes.
The craftsmanship of the kohl stick reflects the sophistication of early civilizations, blending beauty with functionality, and showcasing the complexity of early human culture.
3. UNESCO Adds Three Indian Literary Gems to 'Memory of the World' Asia-Pacific Register
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has added three significant Indian literary works to its "Memory of the World (MOW) Asia-Pacific Regional Register": The Ramcharitmanas (Rāmacaritamānasa), Panchatantra (Pañcatantra Fables), and Sahṛdayāloka-Locana.
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This decision was made at the 10th meeting of the Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific (MOWCAP), which took place in Ulaanbatar, Mongolia.
During the 2024 cycle, the Asia-Pacific Member States included a total of 20 items from various countries, with three from India.
Authored by Goswami Tulsidas, Pt. Vishnu Sharma, and Acharya Anandvardhan, respectively, these literary works hold significant cultural and historical importance.
IGNCA's Role and Representation:
The Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) played a pivotal role in ensuring the placement of The Ramcharitmanas, Panchatantra, and Sahṛdayāloka-Locana in UNESCO's Memory of the World Asia-Pacific Regional Register.
Prof. Ramesh Chandra Gaur, Dean (Administration) and Head of Department (HOD) at the Kala Nidhi Division of IGNCA in New Delhi, Delhi, effectively represented the three entries from India.
IGNCA's participation marked its first-ever submission of nominations to the Regional Register since its inception in 2008, underscoring its commitment to preserving and promoting cultural heritage.
MOWCAP:
MOWCAP, a regional arm of UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme (MOW), was inaugurated in 1998 at its inaugural General Meeting in Beijing, China.
The committee administers the Asia-Pacific register of MOW documentary heritage, updating it every two years with new inscriptions.
Its primary objective is to aid in the preservation and promotion of access to the documentary heritage of the Asia-Pacific region.
MOWCAP's mission extends to raising awareness about the significance and presence of this heritage.
It encompasses a membership of 43 countries spanning the Asia-Pacific region.
4. Kami Rita Sherpa Sets New Record with 29th Ascent of Mount Everest
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Kami Rita Sherpa, a renowned Nepalese climber and guide, achieved a historic feat by summiting Mount Everest for the 29th time.
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Often referred to as the 'Everest Man', Kami Rita surpassed his own previous record of 28 successful ascents, which he achieved in the spring season of the previous year.
Kami Rita reached the summit of Mount Everest at 7:25 am (NST) on May 12.
He accomplished this feat while leading an expedition organized by 'Seven Summit Treks', showcasing his leadership and expertise in mountaineering.
Expedition Details
Kami Rita embarked on his expedition from Kathmandu at the end of May, leading a team of approximately 28 climbers.
As an experienced guide, he provided valuable leadership and support to the team throughout the challenging journey.
Historical Significance
With a climbing legacy spanning 71 years, Kami Rita now holds the esteemed record for the highest number of ascents on Mount Everest.
His achievement surpasses the previous record held by Pasang Dawa Sherpa, another renowned climber from Solukhumbu, who climbed Sagarmatha for the 27th time last year.
5. World's first Om-shaped Temple Inaugurated in Rajasthan
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The world's first temple in the shape of the iconic Om symbol was inaugurated in Jadan village of Pali district of Rajasthan.
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The construction of this temple started about thirty years ago, the foundation stone of which was laid in 1995.
The shape of the temple mimics the sacred Om symbol, the first of its kind globally.
Structural Features
More than 400 people are working on this project spread over 250 acres.
It has 1,008 idols of Lord Mahadev and 12 Jyotirlingas.
It is supported by 2,000 pillars at a height of 135 feet.
Its complex comprises 108 rooms.
The central center is the Samadhi of Guru Madhavanand Ji.
At the apex of the temple lies a sanctum embellished with a shivling made from a rhinestone obtained from the Bansi hill of Dholpur.
A huge tank with a capacity of 2 lakh tonnes has been built beneath the temple complex.
Accessibility
Jadan village is located on National Highway 62, about 71 km from Jodhpur Airport.
For easy accessibility, travelers can reach Marwar Junction via trains from Delhi to Ahmedabad.
Architectural Style
Follows the Nagar style prevalent in North India.
A huge layout with the Om symbol is spread over a radius of about half a kilometer.
About Rajasthan
Chief Minister - Bhajan Lal Sharma
Capital - Jaipur (Executive Branch)
Governor - Kalraj Mishra
6. New Zealand Implements Ban on Disposable E-Cigarettes and Vapes
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Following the recent repeal of legislation aimed at phasing out tobacco smoking, the New Zealand government has implemented a ban on disposable e-cigarettes and vapes.
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Government action:
To prevent sales to minors, fines for retailers selling to those under 18 will increase.
Retailers may face fines of up to NZ$100,000, while individuals can be fined NZ$1,000 for the same offence.
Youth Safety Measures:
The rules also restrict the sale of e-cigarettes with packaging or branding that appeals to youth, with the aim of preventing youth from being attracted to vaping.
Reasoning behind the ban:
Associate Health Minister Casey Costello says e-cigarettes are recognized as a smoking cessation tool, but the ban is intended to discourage minors from taking up the vaping habit.
Global trend against disposable vapes:
United Kingdom's ban: British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak announced a ban on disposable vapes in 2022, citing concerns about long-term effects and youth addiction.
Australia's ban: Joining the global movement to address the popularity and potential health risks of vaping among youth, Australia also implemented a ban on disposable single-use vapes this year.
7. PM Modi Receives Bhutan's 'Order of the Druk Gyalpo' Award
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Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has created history by becoming the inaugural non-Bhutanese recipient of Bhutan's prestigious 'Order of the Druk Gyalpo'.
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PM Modi received this prestigious honor from King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck of Bhutan during his two-day official visit to Thimphu.
Importance of Award:
The 'Order of the Druk Gyalpo' is Bhutan's premier civilian honor recognizing lifetime achievements.
It has the distinction of being the highest civilian honor given in Bhutan.
This prestigious award takes precedence over all other orders, decorations and medals of the country.
To date, only four distinguished individuals have been honored with this prestigious award.
Previous Award Winners:
Her Royal Queen GrandmotherAshi Kesang Choden Wangchuck was awarded this honor in 2008.
The 68th Je Khenpo of Bhutan, His Holiness Je Thrizur Tenzin Dendup, also received the award in 2008.
His Holiness Je Khenpo Trulku Ngawang Jigme Choedra was awarded the award in 2018.
Recipients include Je Khenpo, who holds the position of chief abbot of Bhutan's central monastic body.
About Bhutan
Capital- Thimphu
King - Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuk
Currencies - Bhutanese Ngultrum, Indian Rupee
Official language- Dzongkha
8. India's first solar cycle track inaugurated in Hyderabad
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Taking inspiration from a similar solar panel-covered cycle track in South Korea, Hyderabad inaugurated India's first solar cycle track.
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This innovative project in Hyderabad is now the world's second solar roof-covered cycle track, after similar initiatives in Dubai and Switzerland.
Features of Hyderabad Solar Cycle Track:
The solar cycle track has been constructed along the Outer Ring Road (ORR) of Hyderabad and has a total length of 23 kilometres, consisting of two lines.
The Pink Line extends from Nanakramguda to Telangana State Police Academy (TSPA), covering a distance of 8.5 kilometres, while the Blue Line runs from Narsingi Hub to Kollur, covering a distance of 14.5 kilometres.
The track is designed with the safety of cyclists in mind, featuring three dedicated lanes with protective barriers.
It comprises five access points equipped with various facilities such as parking, food stalls, repair and rental stations, first aid facilities, rest areas and advanced signaling systems.
A notable feature of the track is its solar roof, capable of generating 16 megawatts of power, which not only illuminates several streetlights but also provides extensive coverage.
Implementation and Cost Savings:
Hyderabad Growth Corridor Limited (HGCL), a division of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA), is responsible for implementing the project, taking inspiration from similar facilities in South Korea.
The project is expected to provide cost savings to HMDA, with an estimated recovery period of six years for the solar panels and an estimated period of 15 years for the entire project.
Importance of Solar Cycle Track:
In addition to its environmental impact, the cycling track aims to reduce carbon emissions and establish itself as the world's most eco-friendly cycling track.
The strategic lighting system enables year-round, 24x7 use, with additional security provided by CCTV surveillance.
Future plans include the installation of bicycle rental agencies, health food shops, and retail kiosks to enhance the overall cycling experience.
Using rooftops for solar panels not only saves land, but also generates clean energy in line with sustainable practices. Additionally, the roof provides protection from sunlight, rain and pollution, contributing to accident prevention.
9. India begins construction of world's highest combat airfield at Nyoma in Ladakh
The Border Roads Organization (BRO) is building the world's highest combat airfield at Nyoma in Ladakh.
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Defense Minister Rajnath Singh will lay the foundation stone of this project at Devak Bridge in Jammu on September 12, 2023.
Nyoma, a major village in southern Ladakh, already hosts an Indian Air Force base and an Advanced Landing Ground (ALG), established in 1962.
The altitude of Nyoma reaches an impressive 4,180 meters (13,710 ft) above sea level, making it one of the highest altitudes in the region.
Budget Allocation:
The Central Government has consistently increased its budget allocation for the development of border infrastructure.
Last year, around ₹12,340 crore was allocated, underscoring the government's commitment to strengthening India's border infrastructure.
Goals of India's infrastructure development:
Lieutenant General Rajiv Chaudhary, who heads the BRO, is optimistic about India's rapid progress in developing border infrastructure.
India aims to surpass China in this regard on the 3,488 km long Line of Actual Control (LAC) within the next two to three years.
About Ladakh
Union Territory - 31 October 2019
Capitals - Leh, Kargil
Lieutenant Governor - B. D. Mishra
Member of Parliament - Jamyang Tsering Namgyal
10. World's tallest Nataraja statue unveiled at G20 Summit Venue
The world's tallest Nataraja statue crafted by skilled artisans was unveiled at the G20 summit venue.
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The G20 summit venue is now adorned with a stunning 27-foot tall statue of Nataraja, which depicts Lord Shiva in his cosmic dance.
This magnificent statue is carved from Ashtadhatu, an eight-metal alloy, and weighs a remarkable 18 tonnes. A trailer with 36 tires was required for transportation to Delhi.
The skilled artisans of Swamimalai, Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu are responsible for creating this masterpiece, which beautifully blends tradition with modernity, taking inspiration from the ancient Nataraja sculptures.
Master Sculptor of Swamimalai
The primary sculptors of this statue are Srikanda Sthapati (61 years old) and his brothers Radhakrishna Sthapati and Swaminath Sthapati. His family boasts an impressive lineage in sculpture, spanning 34 generations, with origins dating back to the Chola era.
The Sthapathi family received their training through the ancient Gurukul system passed down for generations. She was selected for the Nataraja Project based on stringent criteria outlined by the Indira Gandhi National Center for the Arts, Ministry of Culture.
The project draws inspiration from three iconic Nataraja sculptures: the Thillai Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram, the Uma Maheswara Temple in Konerirajapuram, and the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Brihadeeswara Temple in Thanjavur.
Traditional 'lost-wax' casting method
The crafting process adopted for this statue was the traditional 'lost-wax' casting method, an indigenous technique of the Chola era.
The process began with the creation of a highly detailed wax model adorned with intricate ornaments.
A unique alluvial clay paste, found exclusively in Swamimalai, was used to cover the entire mold, with Kaveri clay from a specific part of the river at Swamimalai playing a key role.
Investing in Artistry:
The construction of this remarkable Nataraja statue cost Rs 10 crore including GST.
