1. World Chess Day 2022
Tags: Important Days
World Chess Day is celebrated every year on 20 July.
Important facts
World Chess Day is also known as International Chess Day as it is celebrated globally.
The main reason why International Chess Day is celebrated on 20 July is that the International Chess Federation (FIDE) was established on this date in the year 1924.
The primary idea of celebrating International Chess Day was proposed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
The day has been celebrated since the inception of FIDE in 1966.
World Chess Day is celebrated to encourage people to play the game and to increase their mental strength and thinking level.
Top 5 World Chess Champions
Viswanathan Anand (India)
Bobby Fischer (America)
Magnus Carlsen (Norway)
Fabiano Caruana (America)
Mikhail Tal (Latvia)
2. International Nelson Mandela Day
Tags: Important Days International News
International Nelson Mandela Day is celebrated across the world on 18 July every year to mark the birth anniversary of Nelson Mandela, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate and former President of South Africa.
Important facts
The observance of this day seeks to celebrate the idea that every individual has the power to change the world, the ability to make an impact.
It aims to inspire individuals to take action to help change the world for the better.
In November 2009, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) officially declared 18 July as "International Nelson Mandela Day" in honour of the former President of South Africa's contribution to a culture of peace and freedom.
It also reflects the anti-apartheid icon's commitment to promoting the values of democracy, racial justice and human rights in the field of racial relations, and his dedication to serving humanity.
About Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was born on 18 July 1918 in Mvezo, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
On 5 August 1962, he was arrested for inciting the workers to strike and leaving the country without permission.
He was tried and sentenced to life imprisonment on 12 July 1964.
He was released on 11 February 1990 after spending 27 years in prison.
On 10 May 1994, Mandela became the first black president of South Africa.
Nelson Mandela is called the Gandhi of South Africa.
Prize
Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 jointly with Frederick Willem de Klerk, former President of South Africa
order of lenin
Bharat Ratna (1990)
Nishan-e-Pakistan
Gandhi Peace Prize (2008)
3. World Youth Skills Day
Tags: Important Days
World Youth Skills Day is celebrated across the world on 15 July every year.
Important facts
It was designated by the United Nations General Assembly in the year 2014.
This resolution was initiated by Sri Lanka with the help of G77 (Group of 77 countries) and China to highlight the importance of youth skill development at the global level.
The purpose of this day is to provide the youth of the world with the necessary skills for employment, work and entrepreneurship.
The theme for the year 2022 is "Learning and Skills for Life, Work and Sustainable Development".
Steps taken by India for Youth Skills
Industrial Training Centres (ITIs)- Conceived in the year 1950, Industrial Training Centres (ITIs) aim to expand and modernise the existing training ecosystem in India.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)- This scheme launched in the year 2015 aims at providing free skill training to the youth of India.
National Career Service (NCS) Project- 'Free Online Career Skill Training' was started in the year 2015 for the registered candidates seeking employment under the National Career Service Project.
Self-reliant Skilled Employer-Employer Mapping i.e. 'Aseem' (ASEEM)- This portal launched in the year 2020 helps skilled people find sustainable livelihood opportunities.
Scheme for Higher Education Youth in Apprenticeship and Skills or ‘SHREYAS’ – This scheme was started with the objective of providing industry apprenticeship opportunities to general graduates of the year 2019 session through National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS).
Pradhan Mantri Yuva Yojana (Youth Entrepreneurship Development Campaign) – The program launched in the year 2016 aims at creating an enabling ecosystem for entrepreneurship development through entrepreneurship education and training; Advocating for entrepreneurial support networks and ensuring easy access and promoting social enterprises for inclusive growth.
4. France Bastille Day 2022
Tags: Important Days International News
France celebrates 14 July every year as National Day, also known as Bastille Day.
Important facts
French National Day is formally called La Fete Nationale in France.
It is celebrated on July 14, 1789, the anniversary of the invasion of Bastille, known as a military fort and prison, during the French Revolution.
Along with France, it is also celebrated by other countries and especially by French speaking people and communities.
Many public events are organised on this occasion but the most famous event is the Bastille Day Military Parade.
This parade takes place in Paris on the morning of July 14. The first parade was held in the year 1880.
The famous cycling race Tour de France also takes place during Bastille Day.
The Bastille was a mediaeval armoury, fort and prison in Paris.
For many common people it represented an unfair monarchy and the monarchy was a symbol of abuse of power.
On July 14, 1789, soldiers stormed and captured Bastille.
This signalled the beginning of the French Revolution, and three years later in 1792 the French Republic was formed.
About France
France is a country located in Western Europe
It is the largest country in the continent of Europe in terms of area.
Capital- Paris
President- Emmanuel Macron
currency - euro
5. 22nd National Fish Farmers Day
Tags: Important Days
National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) and Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying celebrated 22nd National Fish Farmers Day on 10 July 2022 to show solidarity with all fishermen, fish farmers and concerned stakeholders across the country.
Important facts
National Fish Farmers Day is celebrated in the memory of scientist Dr. K. H. Alikunhi and Dr. H. L. Choudhary.
Both of them successfully demonstrated hypophysation (induced breeding technique) in Indian Major Carps (common name for several species of fish) on July 10, 1957.
The purpose of this day is to recognize the achievements and contribution of fish farmers, aqua preneurs and fishermen in the development of the fisheries sector in the country.
Importance of fisheries sector of India
Fishing is one of the fastest growing primary producing sectors.
India is the second major producer of fish through aquaculture in the world.
India is the fourth largest exporter of fish in the world as it contributes to 7.7% of the global fish production.
Presently this sector provides livelihood to more than 28 crore people within the country.
Blue revolution
The Centrally Sponsored Scheme "Blue Revolution" was launched in the year 2016 for the integrated development and management of fisheries.
Fish estate scheme
It seeks to provide direct employment to 15 lakh fishermen, fishermen etc. which is almost three times this number in the form of indirect employment opportunities.
It aims to double the income of fishermen, fishermen and fish workers by the year 2024.
About National Fisheries Development Board
It was established in the year 2006 as an autonomous organization under the administrative control of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
Now it works under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying.
Its objective is to increase fish production and productivity in the country and coordinate fish development in an integrated and holistic manner.
6. United Nations Malala Day
Tags: Important Days
Malala Day is celebrated by the United Nations on 12 July to honour the rights of women and children around the world.
About Malala Yousafzai
Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani activist.
Malala Yousafzai was born on 12 July 1997 in Swat district of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
In 2012, Malala was shot in the head by Taliban gunmen after advocating for girls' education.
She soon recovered and continued her advocacy for girls' rights despite the attack.
Malala began writing for the BBC in 2009.
She was 11 when she shared her regular school life during an era when girls were banned from school.
Malala founded the Malala Fund. It is an NGO that helps young girls to go to school.
He has also co-authored the book "I Am Malala".
Prize
She was awarded the International Children's Peace Prize (2013), Mexico's Equality Award (2013), United Nations Human Rights Award (2013), Pakistan's National Youth Peace Prize (2011) etc.
Malala became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Prize in 2014 at the age of 17.
Time magazine also named Malala one of the 100 most influential people.
7. World Population Day
Tags: Important Days
World Population Day is celebrated annually by the United Nations on 11 July.
Important facts
The day was established in 1989 by the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).
It was inspired by the public interest in 'Five Billion Days' on July 11, 1987. The estimated world population on this date had reached five billion people.
The purpose of observance of this day is to raise public awareness on the importance of various population issues such as family planning, maternal health, gender equality, poverty and human rights.
The theme for the year 2022 is '8 Billion World: Towards a Resilient Future for All - Harnessing Opportunities and Ensuring Rights and Choices for All'.
Additional Information
According to the latest United Nations estimates, by July 2022, the world population will exceed 7.96 billion.
In 2037 it can cross 9 billion and by 2057 it can cross 10 billion mark.
According to the World Population Prospects, 2019, Asia accounts for more than 60% of the world's population. China and India are the most populated countries in the world.
18.78% of the world's people live in China. Whereas 17.45% people live in India. About 36% of the world's people are in China and India.
According to estimates, around 2027, India will overtake China in terms of population and become the most populous country in the world.
Vatican City, a country in the continent of Europe, is counted among the smallest countries in the world.
Maldives is the smallest country in Asia in terms of area and population.
8. World Zoonoses Day
Tags: Important Days
World Zoonoses Day is observed every year on 6 July to raise awareness about the risk of zoonotic diseases.
Important facts
The day began on July 6, 1885, when Louis Pasteur successfully administered the first vaccine against the rabies virus.
Zoonoses are infectious diseases (viruses, bacteria, and parasites) that spread from animals to humans.
Some examples of zoonotic diseases are Ebola, swine flu, encephalitis, covid 19 etc.
COVID 19 is also a zoonotic disease.
Globally, approximately one billion cases of disease, and millions of deaths, are caused by zoonoses, and 60% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses, according to the WHO.
Other important health related days
February 4- World Cancer Day
March 21 - World Down Syndrome Day
March 24- World Tuberculosis Day
April 7- World Health Day
April 17 - World Haemophilia Day
April 25 - World Malaria Day
July 28- World Hepatitis Day
September 28 - World Rabies Day
October 12- World Arthritis Day
November 12 - World Pneumonia Day
November 14 - World Diabetes Day
December 1- World AIDS Day
9. GST (Goods and Services Tax) Day
Tags: Economy/Finance Important Days
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To commemorate the anniversary of the implementation of the historic tax reform of the Goods and Services Tax, 1 July is observed as GST (Goods and Services Tax) Day.
Important facts
The first GST Day was celebrated on 1st July 2018 to mark the first anniversary of the new indirect tax regime i.e. Goods and Services Tax (GST).
GST was implemented on the intervening night of 30 June and 1 July 2017 in a function held in the Central Hall of Parliament.
On 29 March 2017, the Goods and Services Tax Act was passed in the Parliament and the Act came into force on 1 July 2017.
GST was enacted as the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016.
What is GST?
GST is an indirect tax which has been implemented with the aim of making India a unified common market.
It is a single tax levied on the supply of goods and services from the producer to the consumer.
Under GST, on the one hand indirect taxes like Central Excise Duty, Additional Excise Duty, Service Tax, Countervailing Duty are included at the Central level.
On the other hand, state-levied value addition tax, entertainment tax, octroi and entry tax, luxury tax, etc. are also included.
It was introduced with the slogan 'One Nation One Tax'.
Tax Structure under GST
Central GST (CGST) to cover excise duty, service tax etc.
State GST (SGST) to cover VAT, luxury tax etc.
Integrated GST (IGST) to cover inter-state trade.
IGST itself is not a tax but a tax system to coordinate state and union taxes.
It has a 4-tier tax structure of 5%, 12%, 18% and 28% for all goods and services under the slab.
10. International Cooperative Day
Tags: Important Days
International Cooperative Day is celebrated every year on the first Saturday of July. This year the day was observed on 2nd July to highlight the contribution of the cooperative movement.
Important facts
The day aims to spread awareness about cooperatives by highlighting how the United Nations shares common goals and objectives of the international cooperative movement.
This year's #CoopsDay slogan is - "Cooperatives Build a Better World".
On July 2 this year, cooperatives across the world are celebrating the 100th International Cooperative Day (#CoopsDay).
This is the 28th International Co-operative Day recognized by the United Nations.
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) passed a resolution on 16 December 1992 to declare the first Saturday of July 1995 as Cooperative Day.
It was formed to mark the centenary of the founding of the International Co-operative Alliance, formed in 1895.
About International Cooperative Alliance (IAC)
It was founded in 1895 to unite, represent and serve cooperatives around the world.
The ICA represents 313 cooperative associations and organisations in 109 countries.
Headquarters - Brussels, Belgium
President - Ariel Guarco
