1. Anwarul Haq Kakar sworn in as the 8th Interim Prime Minister of Pakistan
Tags: International News
Ethnic Pashtun leader Anwarul Haq Kakar was sworn in as the 8th Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the youngest person to hold the role.
An Overview of the News
President Arif Alvi administered the oath of office to Anwarul Haq Kakar in a simple ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhavan. Distinguished attendees include outgoing Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and prominent leaders.
Kakar formally resigned from the Senate and the Balochistan Awami Party (BAP), strengthening his commitment to the neutrality expected in his current position.
The Senate Chairman has accepted Kakar's resignation as per Article 64, Clause (1) of the Constitution of Pakistan.
Anwar Ul Haq Kakar: Background and Political Journey
Ethnic identity and party affiliation: Kakar, an ethnic Pashtun, is affiliated with the Balochistan Awami Party (BAP).
Birthplace and political entry: Hailing from the provincial capital Quetta, Kakar entered politics in the late 21st century.
Experience as Spokesperson: In a previous role, he served as the spokesperson for the Balochistan Provincial Administration in 2013 and gained valuable insight into regional governance.
Senate tenure and election: Anwar ul Haq Kakar assumed a position in the Pakistani Senate as a senator in March 2018.
He secured this seat in the 2018 Pakistani Senate elections as an independent candidate representing Balochistan through a general seat.
Chief of the Army Staff of Pakistan - General Asim Munir
2. Pibot: Humanoid Robot for Airplane Piloting
Tags: Science and Technology International News
The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) is making advances in aviation through the creation of the "Pibot".
An Overview of the News
Pibot is a humanoid robot designed to autonomously fly aircraft using advanced AI capabilities and its own dexterity.
Revolutionizing Aviation and Beyond:
Pibot aims to revolutionize aviation by enabling autonomous flight in existing aircraft, without the need for cockpit modifications.
By mimicking human pilot actions and decisions, Pibot aims to usher in a new era of automated aviation.
Unrivaled Control Precision:
The Pibot has state-of-the-art robotic arms and fingers with high-precision control mechanisms.
It excels in handling flight instruments and managing cockpit switches even under challenging conditions like intense vibrations.
Advanced AI Capabilities:
Pibot uses artificial intelligence to understand and retain complex flight manuals presented in everyday language.
It surpasses even human pilots by memorizing extensive sets of Jeppesen aeronautical navigation charts, a feat well beyond human capability.
3. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman Launches 'WorldCoin Crypto Project'
Tags: International News
Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, along with co-founders Alex Blania and Max Novendstern, launched the 'WorldCoin Crypto Project'.
An Overview of the News
The primary objective of the WorldCoin crypto project is to establish a universal and decentralised digital identity that prioritises privacy and gives people access to various online services and benefits.
A notable aspect of the project is the vision of implementing WorldCoin as a means of distributing Universal Basic Income (UBI) to individuals around the world regardless of their location, income or social status.
The Tools for Humans organisation, headquartered in San Francisco and Berlin, provides support and assistance to the WorldCoin initiative.
An impressive 2 million users have already signed up for the beta version of the WorldCoin cryptocurrency project.
The project has ambitious plans to expand its reach to 35 cities in 20 countries.
To express gratitude to the early investors, WorldCoin cryptocurrency tokens will be given as rewards.
The initial supply of WorldCoin tokens is limited to 10 billion.
About WorldCoin crypto project:
The main goal of WorldCoin is to introduce a "World ID" system that authenticates a person's identity through iris scanning. This verification process helps to differentiate between humans and AI bots.
This project uses a device called 'Orb' to ensure the genuineness of the person. Once verified, a unique World ID is generated for the individual.
Interested persons can participate in the project by downloading the World App. They can receive their unique World ID by scanning their iris, verifying their human identity and using the 'Orb' to secure their digital passport.
4. Bengaluru becomes the first Indian city to join the World Cities Culture Forum (WCCF)
Tags: place in news International News
Karnataka capital Bengaluru has achieved a significant milestone by becoming the first Indian city to join the prestigious World Cities Culture Forum (WCCF).
An Overview of the News
The World Cities Culture Forum (WCCF) is a global network of cities that collaboratively research and share intelligence to explore the important role of culture in shaping future prosperity.
Bengaluru is the 41st city to join WCCF, which already includes 40 cities across six continents such as New York, London, Paris, Tokyo and Dubai.
In the past year, the cultural essence of Bengaluru has been showcased through multimedia assets by WCCF as part of a collaborative project called 'Unboxing Bangalore'.
The 'Unboxing BLR Foundation' established in April 2022 played a key role in this achievement. The Foundation is a non-profit initiative, founded by Prashant Prakash, founding partner of Accel India, and Malini Goyal, a philanthropist and journalist.
World Cities Culture Forum (WCCF):
WCCF was established in 2012.
Justin Simmons, the Deputy Mayor of London for Culture and Creative Industries, was instrumental in its setting up.
In 2015, Queen Elizabeth recognized Justin Simmons' significant contribution to culture in London.
As a token of appreciation, Justin Simmons was awarded the Order of the British Empire (OBE).
About Bengaluru
Known as the 'Silicon Valley of India', Bengaluru has more than 30 government and private museums. Notably, in 2019, India's first interactive music museum was inaugurated, and later in February 2020, the Museum of Art and Photography (MAP) opened, becoming the first major private art museum in South India.
At the core of Bengaluru's vibrant intellectual and cultural exchange is the Bengaluru International Centre, established in 2019 within a 20,000 sq ft renovated industrial warehouse. Another hub of creativity is the Bangalore Creative Circus, which acts as an urban living laboratory.
Bengaluru serves as a major centre for film production, especially hosting the Kannada film industry which produces over 100 films annually. In addition, the city has a rich musical heritage, which includes North Indian (Hindustani) and South Indian (Karnataka) classical music.
Living up to its title as the "Garden City of India", Bengaluru is adorned with many green spaces, notably the nationally acclaimed Botanic Garden, Lal Bagh and Cubbon Park. These green areas add to the natural charm and beauty of the city.
5. World's largest permafrost crater 'Batagaika' is expanding rapidly due to global warming in Russia
Tags: International News
Batagaika, the world's largest permafrost crater, is located in the Far East Siberian taiga and is expanding rapidly due to global warming in Russia.
An Overview of the News
This massive crater, also known as the "Gateway to the Underworld", initially appeared in the 1960s when the area was cleared for timber.
The crater is about one kilometre long and is classified as a 'mega-slump', indicating significant geological changes on Earth.
One of the primary factors contributing to the formation of permafrost craters is the thawing of permafrost, which is being caused by deforestation, land use change, and rising temperatures.
Russia's warming rate is at least 2.5 times faster than the global average, melting its long-frozen tundra and contributing to the expansion of the 'Batagaika' crater at a rate of about 10 metres per year.
Permafrost Crater:
Permafrost refers to land that is frozen at or below 0°C for at least two consecutive years.
It is mainly found in areas with high terrain and close to the Earth's poles, that is, the North and South Poles. Permafrost is made up of a mixture of soil, rock, and sand that is bound together by ice.
In particular, permafrost holds substantial amounts of organic carbon within its frozen layers.
When permafrost melts and the soil thaws, it releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, potentially increasing global warming.
6. SpaceX launches 'Jupiter 3', world's largest private communication satellite
Tags: Science and Technology International News
On July 27, 2023, SpaceX launched the world's largest private communications satellite 'Jupiter 3' using a Falcon Heavy rocket from Launch Complex-39A of NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
An Overview of the News
The 'Jupiter 3' satellite, developed by Maxar Technologies in Palo Alto, California, holds the record as the largest commercial communications satellite ever built.
This upcoming launch marks the seventh mission of SpaceX's triple-booster rocket, the Falcon Heavy, which first attracted widespread attention during its debut in 2018.
About 'Jupiter 3'
Its size would be comparable to the wingspan of a commercial airliner, measuring between 130 and 160 feet (40 to 50 m). Its larger size will enable it to double current internet capacity to 500 Gbps, significantly improving connectivity in areas with limited cable and fibre options.
Hughes will integrate the 'Jupiter 3' into its existing satellite network, allowing HughesNet customers in the United States and Latin America to access high-speed satellite broadband at speeds of up to 100 Mbps.
The capabilities of satellites extend far beyond regular Internet access. It will support in-flight Wi-Fi, ensuring connectivity for passengers during air travel. It will also provide maritime connectivity, allowing internet access for ships at sea.
'Jupiter 3' will play a key role in enhancing enterprise networks, meeting the connectivity needs of businesses across North and South America.
Additionally, the satellite will serve as a reliable backhaul solution for mobile network operators (MNOs), ensuring smoother and more efficient data transmission within the region's mobile networks.
One of its essential applications is providing community Wi-Fi solutions, which help bridge the digital divide and extend Internet access to disadvantaged areas in North and South America.
About NASA
NASA was formed on July 19, 1948, under the National Aeronautics and Space Act, replacing its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).
NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Headquarters - Washington D.C.
Administrator - Bill Nelson
7. Italy inaugurates "VC Yashwant Ghadge Sundial Memorial
Tags: place in news International News
Italy inaugurated the "VC Yashwant Ghadege Sundiyal Memorial" in honor of the Indian Army's significant contribution during World War II.
An Overview of the News
The memorial, located in Monton, Perugia, Italy, commemorates the bravery and sacrifice of Naik Yashwant Ghadege, who lost his life in the Upper Tiber Valley.
The monument's motto, "Omines sub - eodem soul," translates to "We all live under the same sun" in Hindi.
The ceremony was attended by India's Ambassador to Italy and Indian Defense Attache, Dr. Nina Malhotra, along with numerous Italian citizens, distinguished guests, and members of the Italian Armed Forces.
Indian troops played a crucial role in the Italian campaign, with over 50,000 soldiers from the 4th, 8th, and 10th divisions participating.
Notably, Indian soldiers were awarded six out of the twenty Victoria Crosses given in Italy for their extraordinary valour.
The Indian soldiers suffered a total of 23,722 casualties during the campaign, and 5,782 of them made the ultimate sacrifice for their country.
These brave soldiers are remembered and honoured in 40 Commonwealth War tombs scattered across Italy.
8. Pan Gongsheng appointed as the governor of the Central Bank of China
Tags: International News
On July 25, 2023, Pan Gongsheng was appointed as the Governor of the Central Bank of China, marking the ruling Communist Party's highly anticipated final major appointment in a decade.
An Overview of the News
Pan Gongsheng, a deputy governor of the central bank and a seasoned expert in China's government banking sector, assumed the position, succeeding Yi Gang, an American-trained economist who served in the role for five years.
The Governor of the People's Bank of China, Pan Gongsheng, holds a preeminent position within Chinese finance circles, as the bank is under the control of the ruling Communist Party.
Previously, in 2015, Pan was appointed as the head of China's foreign exchange regulator. Prior to that, he held the position of vice-chairman at Agricultural Bank of China Limited, one of the country's four major commercial lenders.
Pan Gongsheng earned his PhD in Economics from the University of Renmin in Beijing and conducted research at both Cambridge and Harvard Universities. He received recognition for his role in effectively managing the currency crisis in 2016.
Bank of China:
In August 1905, the first National Bank of China, known as the Treasure Bank, was founded in Beijing.
Instead of being named 'Bank of Great King,' the institution adopted the name 'Bank of China' when it opened its doors in Shanghai on February 5, 1912.
On August 1, 1912, the bank's headquarters were established in Zijiaamin Lane, Beijing.
In 2006, Bank of China made history by becoming the first Chinese bank to achieve dual listing on both the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange.
9. Massive 'Talisman Saber' military exercise begins with 14 nations in Australia-US joint training
Tags: International News
The 10th edition of the multilateral military exercise, 'Talisman Sabre,' commenced on July 21, 2023, at HMAS Canberra in Townsville, involving Australia, the United States, and eleven partner nations.
An Overview of the News
'Talisman Sabre is the largest military exercise of its kind, with over 30,000 military personnel participating. The exercise locations span across Queensland, Western Australia, Northern Region, and New South Wales in 2023.
Notably, this year's exercise will feature practice sessions around Norfolk Island, marking the first time this location is included in the training.
Alongside the United States and Australia, other participating countries include Canada, Fiji, France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Republic of Korea, and Tonga.
Germany is taking part in the 'Talisman Sabre' exercise for the first time, adding to the international collaboration.
Additionally, personnel from India, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand will participate as observers, strengthening the exercise's cooperative and learning aspects.
Talisman Sabre:
It is an exercise held every two years, commenced in 2005 from June 12 to June 27.
It took place in Sholavatar Bay, Rockhampton, Townsville, and Coral Sea, involving the participation of 16,000 American and Australian troops.
The upcoming Talisman Saber exercise will witness the involvement of 13 nations in a comprehensive multi-domain war encompassing sea, land, air, cyber, and space domains.
The primary objective of this exercise is to foster closer cooperation and build strong relationships among the participating military forces.
The activities planned for this exercise include force preparation and logistics operations, amphibian landings, ground force maneuvers, field training exercises, and simulations of air and maritime operations.
10. Russia implements comprehensive ban on sex change and transgender marriages
Tags: International News
Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed new legislation that significantly affects the LGBTQ+ community in Russia.
The law, passed unanimously by both houses of Parliament, includes a comprehensive ban on sex change.
An Overview of the News
Medical interventions aimed at changing a person's sex and changing sex on official documents or public records are strictly prohibited.
The new law allows medical intervention only to treat congenital anomalies.
The law also affects marriage and family planning, voids marriages where one partner has changed gender, and prevents transgender persons from becoming foster or adoptive parents.
The ban is rooted in the government's pursuit of what they consider to be the nation's "traditional values".
Lawmakers argue that the law is necessary to combat "anti-Western family ideology".
The crackdown on LGBTQ+ rights in Russia has been ongoing for a decade, with a number of restrictive measures introduced over the years.
The government's stance on promoting "traditional family values" was supported by the Russian Orthodox Church.
Various laws were enacted to suppress LGBTQ+ rights, including banning "non-traditional sexual relations" between minors and banning same-sex marriage.
Last year, a law was introduced to suppress the "promotion of non-traditional sexual relations" among adults, further tightening restrictions on LGBTQ+ rights in the country.
Key Points
Estonia is the first Central European country to allow same-sex marriage.
Edgars Rinkevic is the first openly gay head of state in the European Union.
