1. International Albinism Awareness Day 2022
Tags: Important Days
13th June is International Albinism Awareness Day.
The day is celebrated to create awareness among people about the prevention of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism and the rights of people with albinism.
The purpose of this day is to raise awareness among people about the rights of people suffering from albinism.
What is Albinism?
It is a congenital disorder that occurs in humans due to the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, eyes and hair.
This disease is caused by a lack of pigmentation (melanin) in the hair, skin and eyes, which makes a person sensitive to the sun and bright light.
People with albinism can be visually impaired and have a higher risk of developing skin cancer.
Theme of 2022
The theme for the year 2022 is "United in Making Our Voice Heard".
History of the day
In the mid-2000s, there were reports of violent attacks and murders on people with albinism in Tanzania.
The belief behind the attacks that people with albinism possessed magical powers resulted in the deaths of 70 people in 2015.
Because of this, the Tanzania Albinism Society (TAS) and other NGOs came together to advocate for the rights of people with albinism.
The United Nations Human Rights Council took the initiative to stop attacks and discrimination against people with albinism on December 18, 2014.
The Council decided to observe International Albinism Awareness Day on 13 June every year.
International Albinism Awareness Day was first observed in 2015.
2. World Day Against Child Labour 2022
Tags: Important Days
World Day Against Child Labour, also known as Anti Child Labour Day, is observed on 12th June every year.
The day aims to raise awareness about the exploitation of children engaged in child labour.
It aims to bring together governments and civil society organizations to combat child labour.
The day also focuses on what more needs to be done to eliminate child labour.
National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) is celebrating Elimination of Child Labour Week in honour of World Day Against Child Labour in 75 places from 12 June.
Theme of the year 2022 -
"Universal Social Protection to End Child Labour".
The theme of the day focuses on increasing investment in social security schemes and systems to develop sound social security mechanisms to protect against child labour.
A total of 160 million children are still engaged in child labour, some of whom are under the age of five.
History of the day
The International Labor Organization (ILO) started celebrating World Day Against Child Labour in 2002 with the aim of highlighting the plight of children who are victims of child labour.
The day serves as a catalyst to take forward the global movement against child labour.
The eradication of Child Labour is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goal (Target 8.7).
Constitutional Provisions
According to Article 21(A) and Article 45 of the constitution children of the age six to 14 years have the Right to Education.
As per provision of Article 24, a child below the age of 14 years cannot be employed in any mine, factory or hazardous workplace.
Significance of the day
The day focuses on providing dignity to the lives of children affected by child labor and ensuring support for their education, medical services and other needs.
Many campaigns and seminars are organized on this day.
3. World Oceans Day
Tags: Important Days
World Oceans Day is celebrated every year on 8 June to raise global awareness about the important role of oceans in human life and the efforts required to conserve them.
Purpose of the day
The main purpose of celebrating this day is to shed light on topics such as biodiversity, food security, ecological balance, climate change, indiscriminate use of marine resources, and to create awareness in the world about the challenges posed by the oceans.
Theme of World Oceans Day 2022
The theme for this year's World Ocean Day is "Revitalization: Collective Action for the Ocean".
History of the day
It was decided to celebrate World Oceans Day every year at a forum named 'Planet Earth' held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
Its concept was proposed at the Earth Summit by Canada's International Centre for Ocean Development and the Ocean Institute of Canada.
On 5 December 2008, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution to designate this day.
Some important facts about ocean
There are a total of five oceans on Earth. The Pacific Ocean (Pacific Ocean), Atlantic Ocean (Atlantic Ocean), Indian Ocean (Indian Ocean), Arctic Ocean (Arctic Ocean) and Antarctic Ocean or Southern Ocean (Antarctic Ocean).
The Pacific is the largest and deepest ocean. Its depth on the Mariana Trench is 11,033 metres i.e. about 11 kilometres.
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest ocean.
The water of the Atlantic Ocean is the saltiest. Its water has a salinity of 3.7 percent.
The world's saltiest sea (Red Sea) and warmest ocean (Persian Gulf) are located in the Indian Ocean.
The Arctic Ocean is the ocean with the least salt.
4. World Environment Day
Tags: Important Days
World Environment Day is celebrated every year on 5 June with the aim of making citizens around the world aware of the concerns of environmental pollution and raising awareness about the environment.
Theme 2022
This year's theme is 'Only One Earth - Living Sustainable in Harmony with Nature'.
50 years ago the slogan 'Only Earth' was first given at the Stockholm Conference of 1972.
The 50th World Environment Day has been celebrated in the year 2022, which is hosted by Sweden.
History of World Environment Day
World Environment Day was first celebrated by the United Nations in 1972.
Its celebration on a global scale began on 5 June 1974 in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, where an environmental conference was organised in the presence of 119 countries.
It was during this conference that it was decided to celebrate World Environment Day on 5th June every year.
Other important days related to environment
21 March | World Forest Day |
22 March | World Water Day |
23 March | World Meteorological Day |
22 April | World Earth Day |
8 June | World Oceans Day |
29 July | World Tiger Day |
16 September | World Ozone Day |
26 November | World Environment Protection Day |
5. World Bicycle Day 2022
Tags: Important Days
Union Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports Anurag Thakur launched a nationwide program of cycle rallies from Major Dhyan Chand Stadium in Delhi on 3rd June on the occasion of World Cycle Day.
The Nehru Yuva Kendra Sanghatan of the Union Youth Affairs Ministry is organising this program.
Under this programme, 1.29 lakh youth will cover a distance of 9.68 lakh km by bicycle in a day.
The purpose of this program is to create awareness about cycling among people so that people can include cycling in their daily routine for fitness.
Through this initiative, 1.29 lakh young cyclists will cover a total distance of more than 9.68 lakh km in a single day.
Cycle rallies will be taken out in the capital of 35 states and union territories of the country and at 75 important places across the country.
Cycling and Climate Change
The benefits of cycling include a clean and carbon free environment, affordability and physical fitness.
Amidst the increasing global warming and the adverse effects of climate change, the positive role of cycling in meeting the short distance needs of people cannot be emphasised enough.
Carbon emissions and greenhouse gases (GHWs) released by automobiles play a major role in warming the planet and causing sea level rise leading to massive floods and other disasters around the world.
World Bicycle Day and its significance
The United Nations General Assembly declared 3 June as World Bicycle Day.
The day is the result of Leszek Sibilski's campaign to recognize World Bicycle Day and the support of Turkmenistan and 56 other countries.
World Bicycle Day focuses on drawing attention to the benefits of using the bicycle as a simple, clean, economical and environmentally friendly sustainable means of transport.
The bicycle is a tool that helps contribute to a cleaner environment by making education, health care and other social services accessible to the most vulnerable populations.
The day is now being associated with the promotion of a healthy lifestyle for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
6. Telangana formation day
Tags: State News Important Days
Telangana Formation Day is celebrated every year on 2nd June as Telangana emerged as the 29th state of India on 2nd June 2014.
This day remembers the sacrifice and cooperation of all those people who laid down their lives in making this separate state.
History of State
Telangana was divided from the erstwhile Madras on 1 November 1956 and the Telugu speaking people merged with Andhra Pradesh.
In 1969, there was a protest and agitation for a new state in the Telangana region.
After protests, a separate new state was formed in 1972 in the form of Andhra Pradesh.
After nearly 40 years of opposition, the Telangana Bill was passed in the Lok Sabha by the Congress Working Committee and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in February 2014.
The bill was introduced in the Indian Parliament in 2014 and the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act got its nod in the same year.
According to the bill, Telangana was formed by ten districts of north-western Andhra Pradesh.
About Telangana State
Capital- Hyderabad
Governor- Tamilisai Soundararajan
Chief Minister- K. Chandrashekhar Rao
Legislative Assembly seats- 119
Lok Sabha seats - 17
State Bird- Palpitta or Neelkanth
State Animal – Jinka or Blackbuck
State flower- Tangedu
Important facts
STATE | FORMATION DAY |
Rajasthan | 1 November |
Maharashtra | 1 May |
Gujarat | 1 May |
7. World No Tobacco Day
Tags: Important Days
World No Tobacco Day is celebrated every year on 31 May with the aim of making people aware about the harmful effects of tobacco consumption.
The theme of the year 2022 is "Protect the Environment".
The World Health Organisation honours governments, organisations and individuals every year for their efforts and contributions to prevent tobacco use.
This year, Jharkhand has been selected for the World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) Award-2022 by WHO.
History of the day
The World No Tobacco Day initiative was adopted by WHO in 1987.
After this, resolution WHA 42.19 was passed in 1988, in which 31 May was issued as 'World No Tobacco Day'.
Recently the Global Burden of Disease has published a study on the number of smokers around the world.
Smokers in india
According to this study, there were around 20 million smokers in the age group of 15-24 in India in 2019. This is the second largest number of tobacco smokers worldwide.
Global scenario
According to this study, the number of smokers increased to 1 billion in 2019.
Tobacco use killed 7 million people.
Among new smokers, 89% had become addicted by the age of 25.
There are 155 million smokers worldwide aged 15-24.
Top 10 countries with the highest number of smokers
The top 10 countries are China, India, Indonesia, USA, Russia, Bangladesh, Japan, Turkey, Vietnam and Philippines.
8. World Milk Day
Tags: Important Days
Every year 1 June is celebrated as World Milk Day to draw attention to the activities related to the dairy sector.
The day is celebrated to recognize milk as a global food and to celebrate the dairy industry.
The World Milk Day 2022 theme is 'Dairy Net Zero'.
It is celebrated every year on 1 June as World Milk Day since 2001 by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations.
26 November is celebrated as National Milk Day, the birth anniversary of Varghese Kurien, father of white revolution and father of milk production in India.
Some other facts related to milk and milk products
India is the largest milk producer in the world accounting for 22 per cent of the global production. Next come the United States, China, Pakistan and Brazil.
Uttar Pradesh is the largest milk producing state in India and accounts for more than 17% of the total milk production in India.
The availability of milk in India is 406 grams per person per day.
Ordinary milk consists of 85 percent water and the remaining part consists of solid elements i.e. minerals and fats.
Milk is rich in protein, calcium and riboflavin (Vitamin B-2).
Milk also contains vitamins A, D, K and E, including phosphorus, magnesium, iodine, and many minerals and fats and energy.
The purity of milk is measured by a lactometer.
National Milk Research Institute is located in Karnal (Haryana).
An organic compound called lactose is found in milk.
Fresh milk has a pH of 6, when milk turns into curd, its pH becomes less than 6.
Lactobacillus bacteria help in curdling from milk.
9. World Thyroid Day
Tags: Important Days
World Thyroid Day is celebrated every year on 25 May.
This day is celebrated with the aim of spreading awareness about thyroid and to know about the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases.
World Thyroid Day was first celebrated in the year 2008 by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) and the European Thyroid Association (ETA) with the aim of creating awareness about thyroid.
What is thyroid?
The thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland. It is located in the front of the neck.
This gland produces tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) hormones in the body.
Both these hormones released from the thyroid gland help all the cells of the body to function properly and both these hormones also contribute in controlling the process of metabolism.
Thyroid problems arise when the thyroid gland produces more or less hormones, and due to this, every cell of the body starts getting affected.
Hypothyroidism (sudden weight gain) is caused by a deficiency of thyroid hormones.
An increase in thyroid hormones causes hyperthyroidism.
Women are more prone to this disease than men.
10. International Day of Biodiversity- 22 May
Tags: Important Days
International Day of Biodiversity is celebrated every year on 22 May to raise awareness about the significant reduction in biological diversity caused by human activities.
Biodiversity - It refers to the variety of flora and fauna that make up an ecosystem. Conservation of ecosystems is important for natural balance and human survival.
India is included in the 10 countries with the most biodiversity in the world.
Purpose of the day
(i) To increase understanding and awareness about the issues of biodiversity.
(ii) To make people aware about the importance of biodiversity on the one hand and its unprecedented loss on the other.
The theme of 2022 is "Building a shared Future for All Life".
History of the day
The idea was to celebrate this day at the Biodiversity Conference on December 29, 1992 in Nairobi, Kenya.
Biodiversity Day was celebrated on 29th December till 2000, after that from the year 2001 it is celebrated on 22nd May.
